Family: Poaceae
Author: L.
Bibliography: Sp. Pl.: 71 (1753)
Year: 1753
Status: accepted
Rank: species
Genus: Dactylis
Vegetable: False
Observations: Macaronesia, Medit. to Temp. Eurasia
Description
Barnyard grass, scientifically known as Dactylis glomerata, is a notable species within the Poaceae family. First described in 1753 by the renowned botanist Carl Linnaeus, this grass has since been recognized for its widespread adaptability and significant role in various ecosystems.
Typically found in regions ranging from Macaronesia to the temperate zones of Eurasia, barnyard grass thrives in diverse climates. Its broad geographical presence underscores its resilience and capacity to adapt to varying environmental conditions, whether in Mediterranean warmth or temperate climates.
Dactylis glomerata is characterized by its robust and tufted growth habit, often forming dense clumps that make it a dominant species in its habitats. The plant exhibits long, slender leaves and distinctive flower spikelets, which contribute to its recognizable appearance within grassy or meadow settings.
Ecologically, barnyard grass plays a crucial role in preventing soil erosion, providing cover and forage for wildlife, and contributing to the biodiversity of grassland ecosystems. In agricultural contexts, it is often valued for its utility as forage for livestock, thanks to its nutritious and palatable nature.
In summary, Dactylis glomerata or barnyard grass is a vital component of many temperate and Mediterranean ecosystems, prized for its resilience, ecological benefits, and agricultural value.
Common Names
Dan: almindelig hundegræs, hundegræs
Eng: barnyard grass, cat grass, cock’s-foot, cocksfoot, cocksfoot grass, cockspur, orchard grass, orchardgrass, slender cock’s-foot, cat-grass
Deu: knaulgras, knäuelgras, wiesen-knäuelgras
Por: capim-dos-pomares, dactilo, panasco
Fra: dactyle aggloméré, dactyle pelotonné, dactyle vulgaire, gramen pelotonné
Ita: dattile
Nor: hund-grass
Nob: hundegras
Nno: hundegras
Swe: hundäxing, koiranheinä, vanlig hundäxing
Spa: jopillo
Fin: koiranheinä
Nld: kropaar
Sme: beatnatrávda
Cym: byswellt, byswellt garwaidd, dant y ci, grugwellt, troed y ceiliog
En: Barnyard grass, Cocksfoot, Cocksfoot grass, Cockspur, Orchard grass, Orchardgrass, Cat grass, Cock’s-foot, Slender Cock’s-foot, Cat-grass, Orchard-grass
Ar: إصبعية عنقودية
Hy: Ոզնախոտ
Eu: Alka-belar
Be: Купкоўка зборная
Br: Geot gallek
Bg: Ежова главица
Ca: Dàctil, Fenàs mascle
Zh: Ya mao, 鸭茅
Co: Mazzulina
Cs: Srha laločnatá
Da: Almindelig Hundegræs, Hundegræs
Nl: Kropaar, Gewone Kropaar
Et: Harilik kerahein
Fi: Etelänkoiranheinä, Niittykoiranheinä, Koiranheinä
Fr: Dactyle aggloméré, Dactyle pelotonné, Gramen pelotonné, Dactyle vulgaire, Dactyle, Chiendent à bossettes, Pied-de-poule
Gl: Dáctilo
Ka: Სათითურა
De: Knaulgras, Knäuelgras, Wiesen-Knäuelgras
He: ציבורת ההרים
Hu: Csomós ebír
Is: Axhnoðapuntur
It: Dattile, Erba mazzolina comune
Kk: Kädimgi tarğaqşöp, Кәдімгі тарғақшөп, كادىمگى تارعاقشوپ
Ky: Аксокто
Ko: 오리새
Lt: Paprastoji šunažolė
Mk: Ежевка
Se: Beatnatrávda
No: Hund-grass
Nb: Hundegras
Nn: Hundegras
Os: Сычъигæрдæг
Fa: علف باغ
Pl: Kupkówka pospolita
Pt: Dactilo, Panasco, Capim-dos-pomares
Ru: Ежа сборная
Sr: Јеževica
Sk: Reznačka laločnatá
Es: Jopillo, Rata trepadora, Pasto ovillo, Zacate del huerto, Dactilo, Grama de jopillos
Sv: Hundäxing, Koiranheinä, Vanlig hundäxing
Zh-tw: 鴨茅
Zh-hant: 鴨茅
Uk: Грястиця збірна
Uz: Oqsoʻxta
Wa: Rexhe waide
Cy: Troed y ceiliog, Byswellt, Byswellt Garwaidd, Dant y Ci, Grugwellt
Synonyms
- Bromus glomeratus ((L.) Scop.)
- Koeleria dactylis (Chaub.)
- Festuca glomerata ((L.) All.)
- Trachypoa vulgaris (Bubani)
- Phalaris glomerata ((L.) Gueldenst.)
- Limnetis glomerata ((L.) Eaton)
Distribution
- Afghanistan (native)
- Albania (native)
- Algeria (native)
- Altay (native)
- Assam (native)
- Austria (native)
- Azores (native)
- Baleares (native)
- Baltic States (native)
- Belarus (native)
- Belgium (native)
- Bulgaria (native)
- Buryatiya (native)
- Canary Is. (native)
- Central European Rus (native)
- China North-Central (native)
- China South-Central (native)
- China Southeast (native)
- Corse (native)
- Cyprus (native)
- Czechoslovakia (native)
- Denmark (native)
- East Aegean Is. (native)
- East European Russia (native)
- East Himalaya (native)
- Egypt (native)
- Finland (native)
- France (native)
- Føroyar (native)
- Germany (native)
- Great Britain (native)
- Greece (native)
- Hungary (native)
- Iceland (native)
- India (native)
- Inner Mongolia (native)
- Iran (native)
- Iraq (native)
- Ireland (native)
- Irkutsk (native)
- Italy (native)
- Kazakhstan (native)
- Kirgizstan (native)
- Krasnoyarsk (native)
- Kriti (native)
- Krym (native)
- Lebanon-Syria (native)
- Libya (native)
- Madeira (native)
- Mongolia (native)
- Morocco (native)
- Nepal (native)
- Netherlands (native)
- North Caucasus (native)
- North European Russi (native)
- Northwest European R (native)
- Norway (native)
- Pakistan (native)
- Palestine (native)
- Poland (native)
- Portugal (native)
- Romania (native)
- Sardegna (native)
- Sicilia (native)
- South European Russi (native)
- Spain (native)
- Sri Lanka (native)
- Sweden (native)
- Switzerland (native)
- Tadzhikistan (native)
- Taiwan (native)
- Tibet (native)
- Transcaucasus (native)
- Tunisia (native)
- Turkey (native)
- Turkey-in-Europe (native)
- Turkmenistan (native)
- Tuva (native)
- Ukraine (native)
- Uzbekistan (native)
- West Himalaya (native)
- West Siberia (native)
- Xinjiang (native)
- Yugoslavia (native)
- Alabama (introduced)
- Alaska (introduced)
- Alberta (introduced)
- Aleutian Is. (introduced)
- Amsterdam-St.Paul Is (introduced)
- Antipodean Is. (introduced)
- Argentina Northeast (introduced)
- Argentina Northwest (introduced)
- Argentina South (introduced)
- Arizona (introduced)
- Bolivia (introduced)
- Brazil South (introduced)
- British Columbia (introduced)
- California (introduced)
- Cameroon (introduced)
- Cape Provinces (introduced)
- Chatham Is. (introduced)
- Chile Central (introduced)
- Chile South (introduced)
- Colombia (introduced)
- Colorado (introduced)
- Connecticut (introduced)
- Costa Rica (introduced)
- Crozet Is. (introduced)
- Delaware (introduced)
- District of Columbia (introduced)
- Dominican Republic (introduced)
- Ecuador (introduced)
- Ethiopia (introduced)
- Falkland Is. (introduced)
- Fiji (introduced)
- Florida (introduced)
- Free State (introduced)
- Georgia (introduced)
- Greenland (introduced)
- Guatemala (introduced)
- Haiti (introduced)
- Hawaii (introduced)
- Idaho (introduced)
- Illinois (introduced)
- Indiana (introduced)
- Iowa (introduced)
- Jamaica (introduced)
- Japan (introduced)
- Jawa (introduced)
- Juan Fernández Is. (introduced)
- Kamchatka (introduced)
- Kansas (introduced)
- Kentucky (introduced)
- Kerguelen (introduced)
- Kermadec Is. (introduced)
- Khabarovsk (introduced)
- Korea (introduced)
- Kuril Is. (introduced)
- KwaZulu-Natal (introduced)
- Lesotho (introduced)
- Louisiana (introduced)
- Magadan (introduced)
- Maine (introduced)
- Manitoba (introduced)
- Marquesas (introduced)
- Maryland (introduced)
- Masachusettes (introduced)
- Mauritius (introduced)
- Mexico Central (introduced)
- Mexico Gulf (introduced)
- Mexico Northeast (introduced)
- Mexico Southeast (introduced)
- Mexico Southwest (introduced)
- Michigan (introduced)
- Minnesota (introduced)
- Mississippi (introduced)
- Missouri (introduced)
- Montana (introduced)
- Nansei-shoto (introduced)
- Nebraska (introduced)
- Nevada (introduced)
- New Brunswick (introduced)
- New Hampshire (introduced)
- New Jersey (introduced)
- New Mexico (introduced)
- New South Wales (introduced)
- New York (introduced)
- New Zealand North (introduced)
- New Zealand South (introduced)
- Newfoundland (introduced)
- Norfolk Is. (introduced)
- North Carolina (introduced)
- North Dakota (introduced)
- Northern Provinces (introduced)
- Nova Scotia (introduced)
- Ohio (introduced)
- Oklahoma (introduced)
- Ontario (introduced)
- Oregon (introduced)
- Pennsylvania (introduced)
- Peru (introduced)
- Primorye (introduced)
- Prince Edward I. (introduced)
- Puerto Rico (introduced)
- Queensland (introduced)
- Québec (introduced)
- Rhode I. (introduced)
- Réunion (introduced)
- Sakhalin (introduced)
- South Australia (introduced)
- South Carolina (introduced)
- South Dakota (introduced)
- South Georgia (introduced)
- St.Helena (introduced)
- Tanzania (introduced)
- Tasmania (introduced)
- Tennessee (introduced)
- Texas (introduced)
- Tristan da Cunha (introduced)
- Uruguay (introduced)
- Utah (introduced)
- Venezuela (introduced)
- Vermont (introduced)
- Victoria (introduced)
- Virginia (introduced)
- Washington (introduced)
- West Virginia (introduced)
- Western Australia (introduced)
- Wisconsin (introduced)
- Wyoming (introduced)
- Yukon (introduced)
Additional Images
Flower
Taken Jul 13, 2019 by jose (cc-by-sa)
Taken Jul 13, 2019 by jose (cc-by-sa)
Taken Jul 13, 2019 by jose (cc-by-sa)
Taken Jul 13, 2019 by jose (cc-by-sa)
Taken May 12, 2017 by Kilien de Chateauvieux (cc-by-sa)
Leaf
Taken Nov 16, 2022 by Steven Law (cc-by-sa)
Taken Nov 16, 2022 by Steven Law (cc-by-sa)
Taken Mar 26, 2020 by pas durdu (cc-by-sa)
Taken Apr 26, 2017 by Tela Botanica − Marcel ETIENNE (cc-by-sa)
Taken Oct 21, 2017 by Simone Vichon (cc-by-sa)
Fruit
Taken Nov 3, 2016 by Tela Botanica − Eric VERNA (cc-by-sa)
Taken Jun 25, 2021 by Gaby Beland (cc-by-sa)
Taken Oct 14, 2021 by Beytullah AYDIN (cc-by-sa)
Taken Mar 3, 2022 by Monique TROEL-SYS (cc-by-sa)
Taken Mar 3, 2022 by Monique TROEL-SYS (cc-by-sa)
Bark
Taken Aug 17, 2019 by Nicolas Robin (cc-by-sa)
Taken Apr 26, 2017 by Tela Botanica − Marcel ETIENNE (cc-by-sa)
Taken Dec 16, 2019 by Aliza Johnson (cc-by-sa)
Taken May 30, 2022 by Rocío Márquez (cc-by-sa)
Taken Jul 13, 2021 by Emanuele Santarelli (cc-by-sa)
Habit
Taken May 3, 2022 by Mélina Turpaud (cc-by-sa)
Taken Feb 13, 2022 by -Minute man- (cc-by-sa)
Taken Jun 7, 2021 by Alain Bigou (cc-by-sa)
Taken Jul 19, 2021 by Terje Norli (cc-by-sa)
Taken Jul 13, 2021 by Emanuele Santarelli (cc-by-sa)
© copyright of the Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
© copyright of the Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
© copyright of the Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
Other
Taken May 31, 1853 by Tela Botanica − Herbier PONTARLIER-MARICHAL (cc-by-sa)
Taken Jul 23, 2019 by TomovNH Geshh BG (cc-by-sa)
Taken May 15, 2022 by Zsömbör Károly (cc-by-sa)
Taken Jun 9, 2021 by ericz59 (cc-by-sa)
Taken Jun 9, 2022 by Georg Wasylow (cc-by-sa)
Sources
- WFO (No URL)
- IPNI (No URL)
- GBIF (https://www.gbif.org/species/2705308)
- POWO (http://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:397309-1)
- PlantNet (https://identify.plantnet.org/species/the-plant-list/Dactylis glomerata L.)
Specifications
Growth form: Bunch
Growth habit: Graminoid
Growth rate: Moderate
Growth
Ph maximum: 7.5
Ph minimum: 5.2
Light: 7
Atmospheric humidity: 5
Bloom months: [‘apr’, ‘may’, ‘jun’, ‘jul’, ‘aug’, ‘sep’]
Soil nutriments: 7