Family: Amaryllidaceae
Author: L.
Bibliography: Sp. pl. 1:299. 1753
Year: 1753
Status: accepted
Rank: species
Genus: Allium
Vegetable: False
Observations: Europe, Medit. to N. Iran
Description
Field garlic, scientifically known as Allium vineale, is a herbaceous perennial plant that falls under the Amaryllidaceae family. Originating from various regions such as Europe, the Mediterranean, and extending to Northern Iran, this plant has garnered attention for its notable appearance and utility.
Well-documented since its initial description in 1753 by L., Allium vineale has been extensively studied and referenced in botanical literature, notably appearing in the species plantarum (Sp. pl.) on page 299.
Field garlic is distinguished by its slender and erect flowering stems that often reach heights of up to 90 cm. The plant’s leaves are hollow, narrow, and cylindrical, resembling those of chive, though coarser. Capable of thriving in a variety of soil types, Allium vineale often punctuates meadows, grasslands, and disturbed sites with clusters of green to purple-hued flowers.
The bulbs and young shoots of Field garlic are reminiscent of garlic in flavor, which has facilitated its use as a culinary herb in various cultures within its native range. However, the plant’s aggressive growth habit often leads to its classification as a weed, particularly in agricultural settings where it can compete with crops for nutrients and space.
Importantly, in addition to its culinary applications, Field garlic has been employed in traditional medicine within its native regions to address a range of ailments due to its antibacterial properties.
Overall, Allium vineale exemplifies the intricate balance between beneficial uses and the challenges it can present as a persistent and vigorous species across various landscapes.
Common Names
Dan: almindelig sandløg, grå-bynke, sand-løg
Nor: burot, sølvmalørt
Eng: crow garlic, false garlic, field garlic, stag garlic, wild garlic, wild onion, scallions
Swe: gråbo, höstaster, romersk malört, sandmalört, purpursandlök, sandlök
Deu: kochs lauch, weinberg-lauch, weinberglauch, weinbergs-lauch, weinbergslauch
Fin: pujo
Fra: ail des vignes
Spa: alho-das-vinhas
Nld: kraailook
Lav: vinkalnu sipols
Cym: craf gwyllt, craf y borfa, garlleg gwyllt, garlleg y brain, nionod gwyllt, nionyn gwyllt, triagl y tlawd, triegle, winwyn gwyllt, winwyn y cŵn, winwyn y maes
En: Field garlic, Wild garlic, Crow garlic, False garlic, Stag garlic, Wild onion, Crāwlēac, Crāƿlēac, Stag’s garlic, Scallions
Ar: ثوم كرمي
Hy: Սոխ խաղողի այգու
Az: Üzüməbənzər soğan
Eu: Sorgin-baratxuri
Be: Цыбуля вінаградная
Bg: Див чесън
Ca: All de vinya, All de colobra
Cs: Česnek viničný
Da: Almindelig Sandløg, Sand-Løg, Grå-Bynke
Nl: Kraailook
Et: Nurmlauk
Fi: Hietalaukka, Pujo
Fr: Ail des vignes, Aillet, Aillot, Oignon bâtard
De: Kochs Lauch, Weinbergslauch, Weinberg-Lauch, Weinberglauch, Weinbergs-Lauch
It: Aglio delle vigne
Lv: Vīnkalnu sīpols, Vinkalnu sipols
Lt: Dirvinis česnakas
No: Strandløk, Burot, Sølvmalørt
Oc: Alhòlas, Porriòla
Pl: Czosnek winnicowy
Pt: Alho das vinhas, Alho-das-vinhas
Pt-br: Alho-vinhedo
Ro: Usturoi sălbatic
Ru: Лук виноградничный
Sk: Cesnak poľný
Es: Ajicuervo, Ajo de cigüeña, Ajo de oso, Ajo silvestre, Alho das vinhas, Cebolleta silvestre, Porros bravos, Puerro de la viña, Puerro de las viñas, Puerro de viña, Puerro silvestre, Alho-das-vinhas, Ajito de las viñas
Sv: Sandlök, Purpursandlök, Gråbo, Höstaster, Romersk malört, Sandmalört
Ur: Crow Garlic, ثوم رگدار, لہسن غراب
Wa: A des vegnes
Cy: Craf gwyllt, Craf y geifr, Craf y meysydd, Garlleg Mair, Garlleg gwyllt, Garlleg y brain, Triogl y tlawd, Winiwn gwyllt, Winwyn y cŵn, Craf y Borfa, Nionod Gwyllt, Nionyn Gwyllt, Triagl y Tlawd, Triegle, Winwyn Gwyllt, Winwyn y Maes
Synonyms
- Allium canadense (Schult. & Schult.f.)
- Allium compactum (Thuill.)
- Porrum capitatum (P.Renault)
- Allium vineale var. multiplicatum (Lindstr.)
- Porrum vineale ((L.) Schur)
- Allium vineale var. descendens (Nyman)
- Allium vineale var. nitens ((Sauzé & Maillard) P.Fourn.)
- Allium vineale var. affine (Regel)
- Allium assimile (Halácsy)
- Allium vineale subsp. compactum ((Thuill.) K.Richt.)
- Allium vineale var. asperiflorum (Regel)
- Allium vineale subsp. kochii ((Lange) K.Richt.)
- Allium guttatum var. compactum ((Batt. & Trab.) Franco & Rocha Afonso)
- Allium sphaerocephalon var. compactum ((Thuill.) St.-Lag.)
- Allium purshii (G.Don)
- Allium vineale var. compactum (Boreau)
- Allium vineale var. kochii (Lange)
- Allium vineale var. monspessulanum ((Willd. ex Schltdl.) P.Fourn.)
- Allium vineale var. typicum (Asch. & Graebn.)
- Allium vineale var. multiflorum (Baguet)
- Allium vineale subvar. compactum ((Thuill.) Coss. & Germ.)
- Allium vineale subsp. purpureum ((H.P.G.Koch) Lindm.)
- Allium vineale subsp. affine ((Regel) K.Richt.)
- Allium vineale f. compactum ((Thuill.) Bolzon)
- Allium subvineale (Wendelbo)
- Getuonis vinealis ((L.) Raf.)
- Allium vineale var. purshii ((G.Don) Regel)
- Allium vineale var. laxiflorum ((Tausch) Rouy)
- Allium vineale var. pratense (Mérat)
- Allium vineale var. bulbiferum (Syme)
- Allium vineale var. capsuliferum (W.D.J.Koch)
- Allium margaritaceum var. compactum (Batt. & Trab.)
- Allium campestre (Schleich. ex Steud.)
- Allium laxiflorum (Tausch)
- Allium rilaense (Panov)
- Allium vineale var. biceps (Gray)
- Allium vineale var. sylvaticum (Mérat)
- Allium vineale subsp. capsuliferum ((W.D.J.Koch) K.Richt.)
- Allium littoreum (Bertol.)
- Allium vineale var. purpureum (H.P.G.Koch)
- Allium affine (Boiss. & Heldr.)
- Allium margaritaceum var. bulbiferum (Batt. & Trab.)
- Allium sphaerocephalum (Crome ex Schltdl.)
- Allium nitens (Sauzé & Maillard)
- Allium vineale subsp. asperiflorum ((Regel) K.Richt.)
- Allium vineale var. virens (Boiss.)
- Allium arenarium (Wahlenb.)
- Allium descendens (W.D.J.Koch)
- Allium rotundum (Wimm. & Grab.)
Distribution
- Albania (native)
- Algeria (native)
- Austria (native)
- Baleares (native)
- Baltic States (native)
- Belarus (native)
- Belgium (native)
- Bulgaria (native)
- Corse (native)
- Czechoslovakia (native)
- Denmark (native)
- Finland (native)
- France (native)
- Germany (native)
- Great Britain (native)
- Greece (native)
- Hungary (native)
- Iran (native)
- Ireland (native)
- Italy (native)
- Krym (native)
- Lebanon-Syria (native)
- Morocco (native)
- Netherlands (native)
- Norway (native)
- Poland (native)
- Portugal (native)
- Romania (native)
- Sardegna (native)
- Sicilia (native)
- Spain (native)
- Sweden (native)
- Switzerland (native)
- Transcaucasus (native)
- Turkey (native)
- Turkey-in-Europe (native)
- Ukraine (native)
- Yugoslavia (native)
- Alabama (introduced)
- Alaska (introduced)
- Argentina Northeast (introduced)
- Arkansas (introduced)
- Azores (introduced)
- California (introduced)
- Canary Is. (introduced)
- Chile Central (introduced)
- Connecticut (introduced)
- Delaware (introduced)
- District of Columbia (introduced)
- Florida (introduced)
- Georgia (introduced)
- Illinois (introduced)
- Indiana (introduced)
- Iowa (introduced)
- Kansas (introduced)
- Kentucky (introduced)
- Louisiana (introduced)
- Madeira (introduced)
- Maine (introduced)
- Maryland (introduced)
- Masachusettes (introduced)
- Michigan (introduced)
- Mississippi (introduced)
- Missouri (introduced)
- New Hampshire (introduced)
- New Jersey (introduced)
- New South Wales (introduced)
- New York (introduced)
- New Zealand North (introduced)
- New Zealand South (introduced)
- Ohio (introduced)
- Oklahoma (introduced)
- Ontario (introduced)
- Pennsylvania (introduced)
- Québec (introduced)
- Rhode I. (introduced)
- South Australia (introduced)
- South Carolina (introduced)
- Tasmania (introduced)
- Tennessee (introduced)
- Vermont (introduced)
- Victoria (introduced)
- Virginia (introduced)
- West Virginia (introduced)
- Western Australia (introduced)
- Wisconsin (introduced)
Additional Images
Flower
Taken Jun 16, 2021 by Peter V (cc-by-sa)
Taken Jun 21, 2019 by Stéphane Couvreur (cc-by-sa)
Taken Jul 8, 2018 by jose (cc-by-sa)
Taken Jun 5, 2020 by laura thomson (cc-by-sa)
Taken May 31, 2020 by Herve Peylet (cc-by-sa)
Leaf
Taken Oct 4, 2022 by mladen vasic (cc-by-sa)
Taken May 8, 2020 by Holly keller (cc-by-sa)
Taken Apr 16, 2018 by Fejul Xeto (cc-by-sa)
Taken Apr 16, 2018 by Fejul Xeto (cc-by-sa)
Taken Apr 16, 2018 by Fejul Xeto (cc-by-sa)
Fruit
Taken Jun 8, 2019 by Patrick Nard (cc-by-sa)
Taken May 30, 2020 by anne favry (cc-by-sa)
Taken Nov 26, 2021 by Darren Giddins (cc-by-sa)
Taken May 18, 2017 by Roberto Dessì (cc-by-sa)
Taken May 18, 2017 by Roberto Dessì (cc-by-sa)
Bark
Taken Jun 16, 2019 by Elsa Josse (cc-by-sa)
Taken May 3, 2022 by travhs haber (cc-by-sa)
Taken Apr 22, 2007 by Martin Bishop (cc-by-sa)
Taken Aug 1, 2019 by Ruth Ruth (cc-by-sa)
Taken Aug 23, 2020 by Fernandez Cusachs Marc (cc-by-sa)
Habit
Taken Jun 14, 2015 by Tela Botanica − J LAUNAY (cc-by-sa)
Taken Jun 2, 2017 by Tela Botanica − Florent BECK (cc-by-sa)
Taken Jul 1, 2014 by Tela Botanica − Jean-Luc Gorremans (cc-by-sa)
Taken Apr 4, 2022 by Prospeirs Martina (cc-by-sa)
Taken May 25, 2022 by yvon s (cc-by-sa)
Other
Taken May 11, 2021 by Hariospeedwagon (cc-by-sa)
Taken Jun 5, 2011 by Tela Botanica − Bertrand BUI (cc-by-sa)
Taken Mar 12, 2022 by c cbennape (cc-by-sa)
Taken Jun 30, 2014 by Tela Botanica − Jean-Luc Gorremans (cc-by-sa)
Taken Jun 13, 2020 by Richard Wishaupt (cc-by-sa)
© copyright of the Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
© copyright of the Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
© copyright of the Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
Sources
- WFO (No URL)
- IPNI (No URL)
- POWO (http://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:529111-1)
- GBIF (https://www.gbif.org/species/7792960)
- PlantNet (https://identify.plantnet.org/species/the-plant-list/Allium vineale L.)
Specifications
Growth habit: Forb/herb
Growth
Ph maximum: 8.0
Ph minimum: 7.5
Light: 8
Atmospheric humidity: 4
Soil nutriments: 7