Family: Polygonaceae
Author: Murray
Bibliography: Prod. Stirp. Gott.: 52 (1770)
Year: 1770
Status: accepted
Rank: species
Genus: Rumex
Vegetable: False
Observations: Macaronesia, N. & S. Africa, Europe to C. Asia and W. Himalaya
Description
Green dock, known scientifically as Rumex conglomeratus, is a plant belonging to the Polygonaceae family. This species was first described in Prodromus Stirpium Gottingensium, a botanical text published in 1770 by the author Murray.
Green dock is notable for its ability to thrive across diverse and widespread geographic regions. It can be found in the Macaronesia—a collection of volcanic archipelagos in the North Atlantic Ocean—as well as across northern and southern parts of Africa. Its range extends throughout Europe, reaching into central Asia and the western Himalayas, demonstrating the plant’s adaptability to various climates and environments.
The distribution of Rumex conglomeratus indicates a remarkable ecological flexibility. In the mild climates of Macaronesia, it flourishes just as readily as in the contrasting environments of northern and southern Africa. This adaptability is key to understanding its presence across Europe and into the challenging terrains of central Asia and the western Himalayan ranges.
Green dock is an important species within its native habitats, contributing to the biodiversity and functioning of the ecosystems it inhabits. Given its widespread occurrence, it can be suggested that Green dock possesses traits that allow it to succeed in varied soil types and climate conditions, making it a resilient and robust member of the Polygonaceae family.
In conclusion, Rumex conglomeratus, or Green dock, is a species with a significant ecological presence, widely distributed from the temperate zones of Europe to the diverse climates of Africa and into the mountains of Asia. This resilience and adaptability highlight its importance within the plant kingdom and underscore the remarkable botanical journey detailed in its initial 1770 documentation.
Common Names
Eng: clustered dock, clustered green dock, green dock, sharp dock, smaller green dock
Deu: knäuel-ampfer, knäuelblütiger ampfer
Spa: labasa paniega, erva-labaça
Dan: nøgle-skræppe
Swe: dikesskräppa, saksanhierakka
Nob: hundehøymol
Nno: hundehøymole
Nld: kluwenzuring
Fra: patience agglomérée, rumex aggloméré, oseille agglomérée
Fin: saksanhierakka
Cym: chwysoglen, tafol blaen, tafol llym, tafol mair, tafolen, tafolen fair, tafolen mair, trython, turth
En: Green dock, Sharp dock, Clustered dock, Clustered green dock, Smaller green dock
Ar: حماض تفه
Be: Шчаўе клубкаватае
Bg: Кълбест лапад
Ca: Paradella
Cs: Šťovík klubkatý
Da: Nøgle-skræppe
Nl: Kluwenzuring
Fi: Saksanhierakka
Fr: Rumex aggloméré, Patience agglomérée, Oseille agglomérée
De: Knäuel-Ampfer, Knäuelblütiger Ampfer
He: חומעה מגובבת
It: Romice conglomerato, Rómice conglomerato
Nb: Hundehøymol
Nn: Hundehøymole
Fa: ترشک خوشهای
Pl: Szczaw skupiony
Pt-br: Labaça-amontoada
Qu: Hatun llaqi
Sk: Štiavec klbkatý
Es: Labasa paniega, Erva-labaça, Paniega
Sv: Dikesskräppa, Saksanhierakka
Tr: Çayır labadası
Uk: Щавель скупчений
Cy: Tafolen Fair, Chwysoglen, Tafol Blaen, Tafol Llym, Tafol Mair, Tafolen, Tafolen Mair, Trython, Turth
Synonyms
- Rumex exsanguis (Kit. ex Schult.)
- Rumex virgatus (Haenke)
- Rumex parvifolius (Willd. ex Schult. & Schult.f.)
- Rumex nevadensis (H.Lindb.)
- Acetosa conglomerata ((Murray) M.Gómez)
- Rumex nemolapathum var. exsanguis (Wallr.)
- Rumex winterlii (Zuccagni)
- Rumex dubius (Retz.)
- Rumex conglomeratus var. borreri (Trimen)
- Lapathum hydrolapathum (Scop.)
- Rumex campestris (Savi)
- Rumex ferrugineus (Willd. ex Spreng.)
- Lapathum glomeratum ((Schreb.) Gilib.)
- Rumex conglomeratus subsp. nevadensis (H.Lindb.)
- Rumex conglomeratus var. campestris (Cout.)
- Rumex tauricus (Schult. & Schult.f.)
- Rumex acutus (Sm.)
- Rumex conglomeratus var. pycnocarpos (Wallr.)
- Rumex nemorosus (Schrad. ex Willd.)
- Rumex nemolapathum (Ehrh.)
- Rumex foliosus (Rech.f.)
- Rumex sylvaticus (Herb. ex Steud.)
- Rumex conglomeratus var. vulgaris (Wallr.)
- Rumex divaricatus (Thuill.)
- Lapathum conglomeratum ((Murray) Gray)
- Rumex pusillus (Delarbre)
- Rumex pycnocarpus (Wallr. ex Steud.)
- Rumex lachanus (Forssk.)
- Rumex litoralis (Kunth)
- Rumex glomeratus (Schreb.)
- Rumex undulatus (Schrank)
Distribution
- Afghanistan (native)
- Albania (native)
- Algeria (native)
- Austria (native)
- Baleares (native)
- Baltic States (native)
- Belarus (native)
- Belgium (native)
- Bulgaria (native)
- Canary Is. (native)
- Cape Provinces (native)
- Central European Rus (native)
- Corse (native)
- Cyprus (native)
- Czechoslovakia (native)
- Denmark (native)
- East Aegean Is. (native)
- France (native)
- Free State (native)
- Germany (native)
- Great Britain (native)
- Greece (native)
- Gulf States (native)
- Hungary (native)
- Iran (native)
- Iraq (native)
- Ireland (native)
- Italy (native)
- Kazakhstan (native)
- Kirgizstan (native)
- Kriti (native)
- Krym (native)
- KwaZulu-Natal (native)
- Lebanon-Syria (native)
- Libya (native)
- Madeira (native)
- Morocco (native)
- Netherlands (native)
- North Caucasus (native)
- Northern Provinces (native)
- Northwest European R (native)
- Palestine (native)
- Poland (native)
- Portugal (native)
- Romania (native)
- Sardegna (native)
- Saudi Arabia (native)
- Sicilia (native)
- Spain (native)
- Sweden (native)
- Switzerland (native)
- Tadzhikistan (native)
- Transcaucasus (native)
- Tunisia (native)
- Turkey (native)
- Turkey-in-Europe (native)
- Turkmenistan (native)
- Ukraine (native)
- Uzbekistan (native)
- West Himalaya (native)
- Yugoslavia (native)
- Alabama (introduced)
- Argentina Northeast (introduced)
- Argentina Northwest (introduced)
- Argentina South (introduced)
- Arizona (introduced)
- Arkansas (introduced)
- Azores (introduced)
- Bolivia (introduced)
- British Columbia (introduced)
- California (introduced)
- Chile Central (introduced)
- Chile North (introduced)
- Chile South (introduced)
- Colombia (introduced)
- Crozet Is. (introduced)
- Ecuador (introduced)
- Finland (introduced)
- Georgia (introduced)
- Guatemala (introduced)
- Haiti (introduced)
- Illinois (introduced)
- Indiana (introduced)
- Japan (introduced)
- Juan Fernández Is. (introduced)
- Kentucky (introduced)
- Kerguelen (introduced)
- Korea (introduced)
- Louisiana (introduced)
- Masachusettes (introduced)
- Mexico Northwest (introduced)
- Mississippi (introduced)
- Missouri (introduced)
- Nansei-shoto (introduced)
- New York (introduced)
- New Zealand North (introduced)
- Norfolk Is. (introduced)
- North Carolina (introduced)
- Norway (introduced)
- Oklahoma (introduced)
- Oman (introduced)
- Oregon (introduced)
- Pennsylvania (introduced)
- Peru (introduced)
- South Carolina (introduced)
- Tasmania (introduced)
- Tennessee (introduced)
- Texas (introduced)
- Uruguay (introduced)
- Venezuela (introduced)
- Virginia (introduced)
- Washington (introduced)
- West Virginia (introduced)
Additional Images
Flower
Taken Jun 2, 2022 by Richard Thomas (cc-by-sa)
Taken Jun 4, 2021 by Manuuu (cc-by-sa)
Taken Aug 22, 2022 by David Hocken (cc-by-sa)
Taken Jul 8, 2017 by Jose Luis Romero (cc-by-sa)
Leaf
Taken Jun 9, 2022 by Michel Ambroise (cc-by-sa)
Taken Jun 19, 2021 by Darren Giddins (cc-by-sa)
Taken Jun 19, 2021 by Darren Giddins (cc-by-sa)
Taken Aug 22, 2022 by David Hocken (cc-by-sa)
Taken May 19, 2021 by Bruno Toeschi (cc-by-sa)
Fruit
Taken Jun 27, 2022 by Franco Colnago (cc-by-sa)
Taken Jul 9, 2021 by Tickles Sleeping Dragons (cc-by-sa)
Taken Oct 7, 2012 by Tela Botanica − Marie PORTAS (cc-by-sa)
Taken May 23, 2011 by Tela Botanica − Bertrand BUI (cc-by-sa)
Taken Jul 18, 2019 by Javier López (cc-by-sa)
Bark
Taken Aug 1, 2021 by Martella Gabriele (cc-by-sa)
Taken Jun 3, 2021 by troglo (cc-by-sa)
Taken Jul 4, 2022 by Guschti Vatsug (cc-by-sa)
Taken Nov 10, 2011 by EOL − Barry Breckling (cc-by-nc-sa)
Taken May 19, 2020 by michel metzger (cc-by-sa)
Habit
Taken Aug 30, 2008 by Tela Botanica − Daniel MATHIEU (cc-by-sa)
Taken Aug 30, 2008 by Tela Botanica − Daniel MATHIEU (cc-by-sa)
Taken May 25, 2015 by Tela Botanica − Liliane ROUBAUDI (cc-by-sa)
Taken May 25, 2015 by Tela Botanica − Liliane ROUBAUDI (cc-by-sa)
Taken Jan 1, 1800 by Tela Botanica − Thierry Pernot (cc-by-sa)
© copyright of the Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
© copyright of the Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
Other
Taken Jun 11, 2021 by Jan Löser (cc-by-sa)
Taken Sep 11, 2014 by Tela Botanica − Françoise CARLE (cc-by-sa)
Taken Jan 1, 1800 by Tela Botanica − Thierry Pernot (cc-by-sa)
Taken Aug 12, 2014 by Tela Botanica − Daniel CAHEN (cc-by-sa)
Taken Jul 21, 2013 by Tela Botanica − Emmanuel STRATMAINS (cc-by-sa)
Sources
- WFO (No URL)
- IPNI (No URL)
- GBIF (https://www.gbif.org/species/2888963)
- POWO (http://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:697003-1)
- PlantNet (https://identify.plantnet.org/species/the-plant-list/Rumex conglomeratus Murray)
Specifications
Growth habit: Forb/herb
Growth
Ph maximum: 6.5
Ph minimum: 5.5
Light: 8
Atmospheric humidity: 8
Bloom months: [‘jun’, ‘jul’, ‘aug’, ‘sep’]
Soil nutriments: 7