Family: Brassicaceae
Author: L.
Bibliography: Sp. pl. 2:659. 1753
Year: 1753
Status: accepted
Rank: species
Genus: Sisymbrium
Vegetable: False
Observations: Europe to N. China and Himalaya, Sahara to N. & NE. Trop. Africa, Arabian Pen.
Description
London rocket, scientifically named Sisymbrium irio, is a fascinating species belonging to the family Brassicaceae. Described in the authoritative botanical literature Sp. pl. 2:659 in the year 1753 by the author L., this plant has a wide geographical range.
The London rocket is native to a vast expanse, stretching from Europe to Northern China and reaching as far as the Himalayas. Its presence is notable in arid and semi-arid regions, such as the Sahara Desert, as well as in North and Northeast Tropical Africa. In addition to these locales, it thrives on the Arabian Peninsula, adapting well to diverse climatic conditions.
The adaptability of Sisymbrium irio to different environments underscores its resilience and evolutionary success. The plant plays a role in various ecosystems, contributing to the ecological balance by providing habitat and sustenance to a range of organisms.
Not only is the London rocket significant ecologically, but it also holds value in traditional uses and research, making it a subject of interest in both botanical and environmental studies.
Common Names
Swe: ampelskära, dragon, luktaster, vit skogsaster, vallsenap
Dan: esdragon, glat vejsennep, nyengelsk asters
Deu: glanz-rauke
Eng: london rocket, london-rocket, rocketmustard
Ces: hulavník cudzí, hulevník drobnokvětý
Nor: strakkritse
Hun: zsomborfaj
Nld: brede raket
Cym: berwr caersalem, berwy caersalem, roced llundain
En: London rocket, London-rocket, Rocketmustard, London hedge-mustard, Londonrocket
Ar: شلياط (شِلياط)، سليخ (سَليخ), السليح (السلَيح)
Ca: Matallums
Cs: Hulavník cudzí, Hulevník drobnokvětý
Da: Esdragon, Glat vejsennep, Nyengelsk asters
Nl: Brede raket
Fr: Roquette jaune, Sisymbre irio, Vélaret, Murbeckielle pennatifide, Roquette d’Autriche, Vélar à fleurs dorées, Sisymbre d’Orient
De: Glanz-Rauke, Schlaffe Rauke
He: תודרה סייגית
Hu: Zsomborfaj
It: Erba-cornacchia irida
No: Strakkritse
Es: Matacandil, Mostacilla
Sv: Vallsenap, Ampelskära, Dragon, Luktaster, Vit skogsaster
Cy: Berwr Caersalem, Berwy Caersalem, Roced Llundain
Synonyms
- Sisymbrium pinnatifidum (Forssk.)
- Hesperis maxima (Kuntze)
- Arabis charbonnelii (H.Lév.)
- Descurainia irio ((L.) Webb & Berthel.)
- Sisymbrium irio var. xerophilum (E.Fourn.)
- Sisymbrium filiforme (Dulac)
- Hesperis subulata (Kuntze)
- Sisymbrium irio var. turolense (Sennen)
- Sisymbrium irio var. transtaganum (Cout.)
- Sisymbrium irio f. gracilior (Sennen)
- Sisymbrium erucifolium (Gilib.)
- Erysimum irio ((L.) Farw.)
- Sisymbrium ramulosum (Poir.)
- Sisymbrium irio var. xerophila (E.Fourn.)
- Irio ruderalis (Fourr.)
- Sisymbrium irioides (Boiss.)
- Sisymbrium irio var. dasycarpum (O.E.Schulz)
- Hesperis iriodes (Kuntze)
- Crucifera irio ((L.) E.H.L.Krause)
- Sisymbrium subulatum (E.Fourn.)
- Sisymbrium erysimastrum (Lam.)
- Sisymbrium irio var. irioides ((Boiss.) O.E.Schulz)
- Norta irio ((L.) Britton)
- Phryne laxata (Bubani)
- Sisymbrium latifolium (Gray)
Distribution
- Afghanistan (native)
- Algeria (native)
- Baleares (native)
- Bulgaria (native)
- Canary Is. (native)
- Corse (native)
- Cyprus (native)
- Czechoslovakia (native)
- East Aegean Is. (native)
- Egypt (native)
- Eritrea (native)
- France (native)
- Greece (native)
- Gulf States (native)
- Hungary (native)
- Inner Mongolia (native)
- Iran (native)
- Iraq (native)
- Italy (native)
- Kirgizstan (native)
- Kriti (native)
- Kuwait (native)
- Lebanon-Syria (native)
- Libya (native)
- Madeira (native)
- Mauritania (native)
- Morocco (native)
- Nepal (native)
- Niger (native)
- Oman (native)
- Pakistan (native)
- Palestine (native)
- Portugal (native)
- Romania (native)
- Sardegna (native)
- Saudi Arabia (native)
- Sicilia (native)
- Sinai (native)
- Somalia (native)
- Spain (native)
- Sudan (native)
- Switzerland (native)
- Tadzhikistan (native)
- Transcaucasus (native)
- Tunisia (native)
- Turkey (native)
- Turkey-in-Europe (native)
- Turkmenistan (native)
- Uzbekistan (native)
- West Himalaya (native)
- Xinjiang (native)
- Yemen (native)
- Yugoslavia (native)
- Argentina Northeast (introduced)
- Argentina Northwest (introduced)
- Argentina South (introduced)
- Arizona (introduced)
- Assam (introduced)
- Austria (introduced)
- Baltic States (introduced)
- Bolivia (introduced)
- California (introduced)
- Cape Provinces (introduced)
- Central European Rus (introduced)
- Chile Central (introduced)
- Colombia (introduced)
- Colorado (introduced)
- Connecticut (introduced)
- Florida (introduced)
- Great Britain (introduced)
- Hawaii (introduced)
- Idaho (introduced)
- India (introduced)
- Ireland (introduced)
- Masachusettes (introduced)
- Mexican Pacific Is. (introduced)
- Mexico Northeast (introduced)
- Mexico Northwest (introduced)
- Michigan (introduced)
- Netherlands (introduced)
- Nevada (introduced)
- New Mexico (introduced)
- New South Wales (introduced)
- New York (introduced)
- Northern Territory (introduced)
- Ohio (introduced)
- Oregon (introduced)
- Pennsylvania (introduced)
- Queensland (introduced)
- South Australia (introduced)
- Taiwan (introduced)
- Tasmania (introduced)
- Texas (introduced)
- Ukraine (introduced)
- Uruguay (introduced)
- Utah (introduced)
- Victoria (introduced)
- Western Australia (introduced)
- Wyoming (introduced)
Additional Images
© copyright of the Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
© copyright of the Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
© copyright of the Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
Habit
Taken Apr 14, 2016 by Tela Botanica − Anny RAIM (cc-by-sa)
Taken Apr 15, 2016 by Tela Botanica − Félix GENDROT (cc-by-sa)
Taken Jan 28, 2021 by donalddavesne (cc-by-sa)
Taken Apr 12, 2022 by huy HO (cc-by-sa)
Taken Feb 1, 2022 by Manuel Barón (cc-by-sa)
Other
Taken Mar 9, 2014 by Tela Botanica − Liliane Roubaudi (cc-by-sa)
Taken May 28, 2014 by Tela Botanica − Valie VALDO (cc-by-sa)
Taken Sep 28, 2011 by Tela Botanica − Bertrand BUI (cc-by-sa)
Taken Apr 30, 1879 by Tela Botanica − Anne-Marie GRIMAUD (cc-by-sa)
Taken Apr 12, 2022 by huy HO (cc-by-sa)
Flower
Taken Jul 16, 2019 by Lewis Miranda (cc-by-sa)
Taken Feb 1, 2022 by Manuel Barón (cc-by-sa)
Taken Apr 6, 2022 by Vinyals Grau (cc-by-sa)
Taken Apr 6, 2022 by Unisonne Unilachen (cc-by-sa)
Taken Apr 6, 2022 by Unisonne Unilachen (cc-by-sa)
Leaf
Taken Apr 27, 2021 by Stéphane Mars (cc-by-sa)
Taken Dec 10, 2019 by Bernardi Lorenzo (cc-by-sa)
Taken Jun 4, 2021 by shao sanchez (cc-by-sa)
Taken Feb 1, 2022 by Manuel Barón (cc-by-sa)
Taken Apr 6, 2022 by Vinyals Grau (cc-by-sa)
Fruit
Taken Feb 11, 2022 by Miguel A. C. (cc-by-sa)
Taken Feb 16, 2022 by Rina Jeger (cc-by-sa)
Taken Mar 19, 1998 by Tela Botanica − Liliane ROUBAUDI (cc-by-sa)
Taken Apr 27, 2021 by Stéphane Mars (cc-by-sa)
Taken Sep 28, 2011 by Tela Botanica − Bertrand BUI (cc-by-sa)
Bark
Taken Mar 3, 2021 by سلطان الدليمي (cc-by-sa)
Taken Dec 11, 2019 by thierry vidoy (cc-by-sa)
Taken Apr 4, 2018 by Tela Botanica − Dominique REMAUD (cc-by-sa)
Taken Apr 18, 2022 by Martí Salvador (cc-by-sa)
Taken Jan 12, 2020 by Kremer Rita (cc-by-sa)
Sources
- WFO (No URL)
- IPNI (No URL)
- GBIF (https://www.gbif.org/species/3046851)
- POWO (http://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:237940-2)
- PlantNet (https://identify.plantnet.org/species/the-plant-list/Sisymbrium irio L.)
Specifications
Growth habit: Forb/herb
Growth
Ph maximum: 7.5
Ph minimum: 7.0
Light: 8
Atmospheric humidity: 4
Soil nutriments: 7