Broadleaf banksia (Banksia robur, Anales Hist. Nat. 1: 226 (1799))

Family: Proteaceae

Author: Cav.

Bibliography: Anales Hist. Nat. 1: 226 (1799)

Year: 1799

Status: accepted

Rank: species

Genus: Banksia

Vegetable: False

Observations: E. Australia

Description

The Broadleaf Banksia (Banksia robur) is a striking and hardy shrub native to Eastern Australia. This robust species belongs to the Proteaceae family and is well-regarded for its adaptability and ornamental value.

Broadleaf Banksia is recognizable by its stout, gnarled structure and distinctive large, serrated leaves, which contribute to its common name. The leaves themselves are thick and leathery, providing resilience against harsh weather conditions typical of its native habitat. These foliage characteristics not only enhance its visual appeal but also play a critical role in its survival and efficiency in nutrient-poor soils.

One of the most captivating features of Banksia robur is its inflorescence. The plant produces impressive flower spikes that range from greenish-yellow to vibrant shades of golden yellow, sometimes tinged with brown hues as they age. These flower spikes are densely packed with small individual flowers and can grow up to 20 centimeters in length. The flowering period occurs predominantly between late summer and winter, attracting a variety of pollinators, including bees, birds, and small mammals, thus contributing to the biodiversity of its environment.

Beyond its ornamental use, Broadleaf Banksia is an ecologically significant plant. It serves as a vital food source and habitat for local wildlife. The seeds of Banksia robur are encapsulated in woody cones, which open to release seeds typically after exposure to fire, a process called serotiny. This adaptation underscores its role in fire-prone ecosystems, enabling regeneration and continuity of the species in the aftermath of bushfires.

In cultivation, Banksia robur is prized for its resilience and low maintenance requirements. It thrives in various soil types, although it prefers sandy, well-drained soils. The plant can tolerate full sun to partial shade, making it a versatile addition to gardens designed to mimic natural Australian landscapes. Its ability to withstand periods of drought once established further enhances its suitability for xeriscaping.

The history of Banksia robur dates back to its first formal description in 1799, an indication of its long-standing recognition and study. Over the centuries, it has maintained its status as a beloved and iconic species within its range. Whether in the wild or cultivated spaces, Broadleaf Banksia continues to captivate and support ecological balance, embodying the rugged beauty and resilience synonymous with the Australian flora.

Common Names

Eng: broadleaf banksia, swamp banksia
En: Broadleaf banksia, Swamp banksia
Ar: بانكسيا صلبة
Cs: Banksie dubová

Synonyms

• Banksia longifolia (D.Don ex F.Dietr.)
• Banksia fagifolia (Hoffmanns.)
• Sirmuellera robur ((Cav.) Kuntze)
• Banksia dilleniifolia (Knight)
• Banksia uncigera (Knight)
• Banksia macrophylla (Link)
• Banksia mimosoides (F.Dietr.)

Distribution

• New South Wales (native)
• Queensland (native)

Additional Images

Leaf

Taken May 9, 2021 by Kenneth Parker (cc-by-sa)

Taken Jun 14, 2021 by scott miller (cc-by-sa)

Taken May 27, 2022 by Patrick FAYOLLE (cc-by-sa)

Taken Oct 20, 2020 by Liam York (cc-by-sa)

Taken Jul 6, 2022 by ian connop (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Taken May 9, 2021 by Kenneth Parker (cc-by-sa)

Taken Nov 2, 2020 by David Linke (cc-by-sa)

Taken Oct 20, 2020 by Liam York (cc-by-sa)

Taken Jul 6, 2022 by ian connop (cc-by-sa)

Taken Nov 28, 2022 by Craig Rye (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Taken May 27, 2022 by Patrick FAYOLLE (cc-by-sa)

Bark

Taken Jul 6, 2022 by ian connop (cc-by-sa)

Habit

Taken Jul 6, 2022 by ian connop (cc-by-sa)

© copyright of the Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

© copyright of the Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

Sources

• WFO (No URL)
• IPNI (No URL)
• GBIF (https://www.gbif.org/species/7287436)
• POWO (http://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:703178-1)
• PlantNet (https://identify.plantnet.org/species/the-plant-list/Banksia robur Cav.)

Specifications

Growth