California-rape (Sinapis arvensis, Sp. Pl.: 668 (1753))

Family: Brassicaceae

Author: L.

Bibliography: Sp. Pl.: 668 (1753)

Year: 1753

Status: accepted

Rank: species

Genus: Sinapis

Vegetable: False

Observations: Unknown

Description

California-rape, scientifically known as Sinapis arvensis, is a member of the Brassicaceae family. This plant was first detailed in Carl Linnaeus’s seminal work “Species Plantarum” in 1753.

Sinapis arvensis is an annual herb that typically thrives in temperate regions. It is characterized by its robust growth, often reaching heights between 30 to 60 centimeters. The erect, branching stem is covered in coarse hairs, giving the plant a rough texture.

The foliage of the California-rape is noteworthy for its vibrant green color and the distinctive lobed structure of the leaves. The basal leaves are typically broad with a rough, toothed edge, whereas the upper leaves are more slender and have a smoother appearance.

One of the most striking features of Sinapis arvensis is its bright yellow flowers, which bloom from late spring to early autumn. These flowers are made up of four petals arranged in a cross pattern, a common trait among members of the Brassicaceae family. The blooming of these vivid yellow flowers not only adds a dash of color to the landscape but also plays a crucial role in attracting pollinators such as bees and butterflies.

The plant produces elongated seed pods, known as siliques, which contain several small seeds. These pods split open upon maturation, aiding in seed dispersal and contributing to the plant’s proliferation in its habitat.

Ecologically, Sinapis arvensis is quite adaptable and can be found in a variety of environments, ranging from cultivated fields and roadside verges to disturbed ground and waste areas. Its resilience makes it a common sight across a wide geographical range.

In terms of uses, despite its classification as a weed in many agricultural settings, Sinapis arvensis also has historical significance in various cultural practices. It has been explored for its potential in soil improvement and pest control due to its allelopathic properties, which can suppress the growth of certain other plants and weeds.

Overall, California-rape is a plant of considerable interest both ecologically and botanically. While it can be a challenging presence in managed agricultural landscapes, its role in natural ecosystems and its distinctive characteristics make it a plant worth studying and understanding.

Common Names

Deu: acker-senf, ackersenf
Dan: ager-sennep, dild, dobbeltkoriander, fodangel, koriander, rundbladet hareøre, tandstikkerurt
Eng: california-rape, charlock, charlock mustard, corn mustard, corn-mustard, field mustard, wild kale, wild mustard
Swe: dill, dubbelkoriander, harört, koriander, piggkörvel, strålkoriander, tandpetarsilja, rikkasinappi, åkersenap
Spa: collejón
Por: gorga, mostarda, mostarda-dos-campos
Nld: herik
Ces: hor
Ara: khardal
Fra: moutarde des champs, moutarde sauvage, moutarde d’été
Fin: rikkasinappi
Ita: senape
Nob: åkersennep
Nno: åkersennep
Sme: bealdosennet
Cym: aur yr ŷd, cadafarch, cadafarth, cedu gwyllt, cedu yr ŷd, cedw gwyllt, cedw yr ŷd, cethrw yr ŷd, esgynnydd, maip gwylltion, mwstard gwyllt, ysnaib yr ŷd
En: California-rape, Charlock, Field mustard, Corn mustard, Wild kale, Wild mustard, Charlock mustard, CORN-MUSTARD
Ab: Wilde mosterd
Ar: Khardal, خردل (خَردل)، قرله (قِرّله), خردل بري
Hy: Մանանեխ դաշտային
Be: Гарчыца палявая
Bg: Полски синап
Ca: Mostassa borda, Ravenissa groga
Cv: Хир пăрăçĕ
Kw: Ervinen wyls
Cs: Hořčice polní, Hor
Da: Ager-Sennep, Dild, Dobbeltkoriander, Fodangel, Koriander, Rundbladet hareøre, Tandstikkerurt
Nl: Herik, Krodde
Et: Põldsinep
Fi: Rikkasinappi
Fr: Moutarde des champs, Moutarde sauvage, “Moutarde des champs, Raveluche”, Moutarde d’été, Sénevé, Jotte, Raveluche, Ravenelle, Sanve
De: Ackersenf, Acker-Senf
El: Λαψάνα
He: חרדל השדה
Hi: जंगली सरसों
Hu: Vadrepce
Is: Akurmustarður
Ga: Praiseach bhuí
It: Senape, Senape selvatica
Kk: Жабайы қыша
Lt: Dirvinis garstukas
Mk: Полски синап
Gv: Brashlagh
Se: Bealdosennet
No: Åkerrsennep, Åkersennep
Nb: Åkersennep
Nn: Åkersennep
Os: Хуымы хъыцъы
Fa: خردل وحشی
Pl: Gorczyca polna
Pt: Gorga, Mostarda, Mostarda-dos-campos
Pt-br: Mostarda-dos-campos, Mostarda-silvestre
Ru: Горчица полевая
Sr: Пољска горушица
Sk: Horčica roľná
Es: Collejón, Mostaza de los campos, Mostaza silvestre
Sv: Åkersenap, Dill, Dubbelkoriander, Harört, Koriander, Piggkörvel, Strålkoriander, Tandpetarsilja, Rikkasinappi
Uk: Гірчиця польова
Ur: جنگلی سرسوں
Cy: Mwstard gwyllt, Aur yr Ŷd, Cadafarch, Cadafarth, Cedu Gwyllt, Cedu yr Ŷd, Cedw Gwyllt, Cedw yr Ŷd, Cethrw yr Ŷd, Esgynnydd, Maip Gwylltion, Ysnaib yr Ŷd

Synonyms

Distribution

Additional Images

Flower

Taken Feb 17, 2019 by furs (cc-by-sa)

Taken May 14, 2017 by Bernard Khomer (cc-by-sa)

Taken Sep 21, 2017 by Mehmet Basbag (cc-by-sa)

Taken Mar 28, 2017 by Pep Secem (cc-by-sa)

Taken Mar 28, 2017 by Pep Secem (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Taken May 16, 2015 by Tela Botanica − Yoan MARTIN (cc-by-sa)

Taken May 4, 2019 by margarida vila (cc-by-sa)

Taken Jan 2, 2020 by Florent Beck (cc-by-sa)

Taken Dec 14, 2021 by Kai Best (cc-by-sa)

Taken Jan 1, 2022 by Kai Best (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Taken Nov 21, 2021 by José Luis Galbete (cc-by-sa)

Taken Dec 20, 2021 by Jm Martinez (cc-by-sa)

Taken Sep 17, 2019 by antoine porte (cc-by-sa)

Taken Jan 1, 2022 by Kai Best (cc-by-sa)

Taken Nov 24, 2020 by Antoine RIDE (cc-by-sa)

Bark

Taken Apr 9, 2021 by Monteiro Henrique (cc-by-sa)

Taken Apr 4, 2019 by jose (cc-by-sa)

Taken Apr 4, 2019 by jose (cc-by-sa)

Taken Sep 30, 2019 by Kerstin Kerstin (cc-by-sa)

Taken Nov 24, 2020 by Antoine RIDE (cc-by-sa)

Habit

Taken Apr 9, 2021 by Monteiro Henrique (cc-by-sa)

Taken Jan 26, 2020 by Buscemi Giuseppe (cc-by-sa)

Taken Jan 6, 2022 by Cancouet David (cc-by-sa)

Taken Mar 22, 2021 by Antoine Pantazopoulos (cc-by-sa)

Taken Mar 22, 2021 by Manuél (cc-by-sa)

Other

Taken Aug 24, 2020 by arlcahoots (cc-by-sa)

Taken Oct 31, 2021 by Etienne JORROT (cc-by-sa)

Taken Oct 23, 2019 by c Luebbers (cc-by-sa)

Taken Jul 29, 2020 by Mario Oliveira (cc-by-sa)

Taken Aug 13, 2021 by Udaya Kumar (cc-by-sa)

Sources

• WFO (No URL)
• IPNI (No URL)
• GBIF (https://www.gbif.org/species/3047598)
• PlantNet (https://identify.plantnet.org/species/the-plant-list/Sinapis arvensis L.)

Specifications

Growth habit: Forb/herb

Growth

Ph maximum: 8.0

Ph minimum: 7.5

Light: 7

Atmospheric humidity: 4

Soil nutriments: 7