Family: Poaceae
Author: L.
Bibliography: Sp. Pl.: 76 (1753)
Year: 1753
Status: accepted
Rank: species
Genus: Bromus
Vegetable: False
Observations: EC. & S. Europe to NW. Iran, Siberia to N. China
Description
Cheat, scientifically named Bromus secalinus, is a species belonging to the Poaceae family. Originally described by the esteemed botanist Carl Linnaeus in 1753, this grass has embedded itself in various ecosystems across a wide geographical expanse.
It is primarily indigenous to regions spanning from Eastern and Southern Europe to Northwestern Iran and from Siberia to Northern China. This broad distribution underscores its adaptability to diverse environmental conditions and climatic zones.
Typically found flourishing in disturbed soils, agricultural fields, and roadside verges, Cheat exhibits the quintessential characteristics of the Bromus genus. Its structure, functional attributes, and ecological interactions embody the resilience and versatility typical of grasses within the Poaceae family.
While it may seem unremarkable at first glance, Bromus secalinus holds a significant position within its habitats, contributing to the biodiversity and sustenance of the ecosystems it inhabits. Its historical and ongoing presence in these regions underlines its importance and the need to understand its role comprehensively.
Common Names
Fra: brome des champs de seigle, brome faux seigle, brome faux-seigle, brome seigle, brome des seigles, brome sécalin
Eng: cheat, cheatgrass, chess, rye brome, rye brone, cheat chess
Deu: enttäuschende roggen-trespe, roggen-trespe, roggentrespe
Dan: rug-hejre
Por: bromo-centeio
Nld: dreps
Nor: havre-græs, lodhavre, rug-svimling
Nno: rugfaks
Nob: rugfaks
Swe: ruiskattara, råglosta, rågsvingel
Fin: ruiskattara
Ces: sveřep stoklasa pravý
Sme: rohkahárjesuoidni
Cym: bromwellt ller, ller, pawrwellt bach, pawrwellt ller
En: Cheat, Cheatgrass, Chess, Rye brome, CHESS BROME, Ryebrome, Rye brone, Cheat chess, Cheat Grass, Chess Grass
Be: Каласоўнік аржаны
Zh: 黑麦状雀麦
Cs: Sveřep stoklasa, Sveřep stoklasa pravý
Da: Rug-hejre
Nl: Dreps
Et: Rukkiluste
Fi: Ruiskattara
Fr: Brome faux-seigle, Brome seigle, Brome des champs de Seigle, Brome faux Seigle, Brome des seigles, Brome sécalin
De: Roggen-Trespe, Roggentrespe, Enttäuschende Roggen-Trespe
It: Forasacco delle messi
Lt: Ruginė dirsė
Se: Rohkahárjesuoidni
No: Havre-græs, Lodhavre, Rug-svimling
Nb: Rugfaks
Nn: Rugfaks
Pl: Stokłosa żytnia
Pt: Bromo-centeio
Pt-br: Bromo-centeio, Capim-cevadinha
Ru: Koster ržanoj
Es: Pasto valcheta
Sv: Råglosta, Ruiskattara, Rågsvingel
Wa: Dråwe des rgons
Cy: Pawrwellt bach, Bromwellt Ller, Ller, Pawrwellt Ller
Synonyms
- Bromus secalinus var. hordeaceus (Rchb.)
- Bromus polymorphus (Scop.)
- Bromus segetalis (A.Braun)
- Bromus secalinus subsp. multiflorus (Schübl. & G.Martens)
- Bromus secalinus var. pubescens (Stokes)
- Bromus secalinus var. grossus (W.D.J.Koch)
- Avena secalina ((L.) Salisb.)
- Bromus secalinus var. asper (Neilr.)
- Bromus vitiosus (Weigel)
- Bromus mutabilis var. hirtus (F.W.Schultz)
- Bromus secalinus f. hirtus ((F.W.Schultz) Wiegand)
- Bromus secalinus subsp. vulgaris ((W.D.J.Koch) Domin)
- Bromus secalinus var. hybridus ((Schur) Asch. & Graebn.)
- Bromus secalinus var. arvensis (Peterm.)
- Bromus secalinus var. intermedius (Mutel)
- Serrafalcus secalinus var. submuticus ((Rchb.) Rouy)
- Bromus secalinus var. elongatus ((Gaudin) Asch. & Graebn.)
- Bromus secalinus subsp. infestus (H.Scholz)
- Bromus secalinus var. macrostachys (Schur)
- Bromus hybridus (Schur)
- Bromus secalinus var. integer (Schumach.)
- Bromus mutabilis var. secalinus ((L.) F.W.Schultz)
- Bromus mollis var. secalinus ((L.) Huds.)
- Bromus mutabilis var. hordeaceus (F.W.Schultz)
- Bromus secalinus var. leiophyllus (Beck)
- Bromus secalinus var. badensis ((C.C.Gmel.) Asch. & Graebn.)
- Serrafalcus secalinus var. glaber (Godr.)
- Bromus secalinus subsp. billottii ((F.W.Schultz) Hauman & Balle)
- Bromus secalinus var. divergens (Rchb.)
- Bromus secalinus var. hirsutus (Kindb.)
- Bromus mutabilis (F.W.Schultz)
- Forasaccus secalinus ((L.) Bubani)
- Bromus submuticus (Steud.)
- Bromus secalinus var. rhenanthus (Bég.)
- Bromus secalinus var. submuticus (Hagenb.)
- Serrafalcus secalinus var. elongatus ((Gaudin) Ducommun)
- Bromus hordeaceus (C.C.Gmel.)
- Bromus racemosus var. elongatus ((Gaudin) Duby)
- Bromus secalinus var. minimus (Zapal.)
- Bromus secalinus var. pratensis (Wahlenb.)
- Serrafalcus divaricatus (Dulac)
- Bromus secalinus var. muticus (Delastre)
- Bromus secalinus f. lasiophyllus ((Beck) Neuman)
- Bromus secalinus var. vulgaris (W.D.J.Koch)
- Bromus secalinus var. glaber (Stokes)
- Bromus secalinus var. hirtus ((F.W.Schultz) Asch. & Graebn.)
- Bromus secalinus var. vitiosus ((Weigel) Retz.)
- Bromus mutabilis var. glabratus (F.W.Schultz)
- Bromus secalinus var. lasiophyllus (Beck)
- Bromus badensis (C.C.Gmel.)
- Bromus secalinus f. divergens ((Rchb.) Todor)
- Bromus segetalis var. secalinus ((L.) Döll)
- Bromus secalinus f. submuticus ((Rchb.) Jansen & Wacht.)
- Bromus mutabilis var. grossus ((W.D.J.Koch) F.W.Schultz)
- Serrafalcus gmelinii (Rouy)
- Serrafalcus secalinus ((L.) Bab.)
- Bromus elongatus (Gaudin)
- Serrafalcus secalinus var. hordeaceus (Ducommun)
- Bromus ehrhartii (Gaudin)
- Bromus secalinus subsp. barthae (Pénzes)
- Bromus secalinus var. dilatatus (Schur)
- Bromus brevisetus (Dumort.)
Distribution
- Belarus (native)
- Bulgaria (native)
- Buryatiya (native)
- China North-Central (native)
- Corse (native)
- France (native)
- Greece (native)
- Hungary (native)
- Iran (native)
- Italy (native)
- Kazakhstan (native)
- Krasnoyarsk (native)
- Lebanon-Syria (native)
- Portugal (native)
- Romania (native)
- Sardegna (native)
- Sicilia (native)
- Spain (native)
- Tibet (native)
- Transcaucasus (native)
- Turkey (native)
- Turkey-in-Europe (native)
- Ukraine (native)
- West Siberia (native)
- Xinjiang (native)
- Yugoslavia (native)
- Alabama (introduced)
- Alaska (introduced)
- Alberta (introduced)
- Algeria (introduced)
- Amsterdam-St.Paul Is (introduced)
- Argentina Northeast (introduced)
- Argentina South (introduced)
- Arizona (introduced)
- Arkansas (introduced)
- Austria (introduced)
- Azores (introduced)
- Baltic States (introduced)
- Belgium (introduced)
- British Columbia (introduced)
- California (introduced)
- Canary Is. (introduced)
- Central European Rus (introduced)
- Chile Central (introduced)
- Chile South (introduced)
- Colombia (introduced)
- Colorado (introduced)
- Connecticut (introduced)
- Czechoslovakia (introduced)
- Delaware (introduced)
- Denmark (introduced)
- District of Columbia (introduced)
- East European Russia (introduced)
- Finland (introduced)
- Florida (introduced)
- Georgia (introduced)
- Germany (introduced)
- Great Britain (introduced)
- Hawaii (introduced)
- Idaho (introduced)
- Illinois (introduced)
- Indiana (introduced)
- Iowa (introduced)
- Ireland (introduced)
- Japan (introduced)
- Kamchatka (introduced)
- Kansas (introduced)
- Kentucky (introduced)
- Korea (introduced)
- Louisiana (introduced)
- Maine (introduced)
- Maryland (introduced)
- Masachusettes (introduced)
- Mexico Gulf (introduced)
- Michigan (introduced)
- Minnesota (introduced)
- Mississippi (introduced)
- Missouri (introduced)
- Montana (introduced)
- Nansei-shoto (introduced)
- Nebraska (introduced)
- Netherlands (introduced)
- Nevada (introduced)
- New Brunswick (introduced)
- New Hampshire (introduced)
- New Jersey (introduced)
- New Mexico (introduced)
- New South Wales (introduced)
- New York (introduced)
- North Carolina (introduced)
- North Caucasus (introduced)
- North European Russi (introduced)
- Northwest European R (introduced)
- Norway (introduced)
- Nova Scotia (introduced)
- Ohio (introduced)
- Oklahoma (introduced)
- Ontario (introduced)
- Oregon (introduced)
- Palestine (introduced)
- Pennsylvania (introduced)
- Poland (introduced)
- Primorye (introduced)
- Québec (introduced)
- Rhode I. (introduced)
- Sakhalin (introduced)
- South Carolina (introduced)
- South Dakota (introduced)
- Sweden (introduced)
- Switzerland (introduced)
- Taiwan (introduced)
- Tennessee (introduced)
- Texas (introduced)
- Utah (introduced)
- Vermont (introduced)
- Virginia (introduced)
- Washington (introduced)
- West Virginia (introduced)
- Wisconsin (introduced)
- Wyoming (introduced)
- Yukon (introduced)
Additional Images
Leaf
Taken Sep 20, 2022 by louie mera (cc-by-sa)
Taken Jun 19, 2022 by Страхил Иванов (cc-by-sa)
Taken Aug 3, 2020 by hexia (cc-by-sa)
Taken Nov 24, 2022 by Godard Serge (cc-by-sa)
Taken Aug 30, 2019 by Sjaak Koningen (cc-by-sa)
Fruit
Taken Jul 21, 2013 by Tela Botanica − Raphaël LOÏC (cc-by-sa)
Taken Jul 21, 2013 by Tela Botanica − Raphaël LOÏC (cc-by-sa)
Taken Jul 9, 2021 by Ник Елена (cc-by-sa)
Taken Dec 3, 2021 by Miles R (cc-by-sa)
Taken Jul 1, 2020 by leontine bolman (cc-by-sa)
Flower
Taken Jun 9, 2019 by Jean-Michel Faton (cc-by-sa)
Taken May 6, 2016 by Tela Botanica − Dominique REMAUD (cc-by-sa)
Taken Jul 15, 2012 by Tela Botanica − Jean Claude Estatico (cc-by-sa)
Taken May 6, 2016 by Tela Botanica − Dominique REMAUD (cc-by-sa)
Taken Jan 1, 1900 by EOL − Encyclopedia of Life (cc-by-nc)
Habit
Taken Jan 1, 1900 by EOL − Encyclopedia of Life (cc-by-nc-sa)
Taken Aug 15, 2011 by Photoflora – Jean-Luc TASSET (©)
Taken Jul 15, 1999 by Photoflora – Jean-Luc TASSET (©)
Taken Jun 21, 2017 by Tela Botanica − Julien PIQUERAY (cc-by-sa)
Taken Aug 30, 2019 by Sjaak Koningen (cc-by-sa)
Other
Taken Jul 7, 2018 by Hélène Sauvanet (cc-by-sa)
Taken Dec 31, 1848 by Tela Botanica − Herbier PONTARLIER-MARICHAL (cc-by-sa)
Taken Aug 15, 2017 by Photoflora – Benoit BOCK (©)
Taken Mar 31, 1883 by Tela Botanica − Anne-Marie GRIMAUD (cc-by-sa)
Taken Aug 30, 2019 by Sjaak Koningen (cc-by-sa)
Bark
Taken Jan 1, 1900 by EOL − جون هيلتي (cc-by-nc)
© copyright of the Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
Sources
- WFO (No URL)
- IPNI (No URL)
- POWO (http://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:394095-1)
- GBIF (https://www.gbif.org/species/2703717)
- PlantNet (https://identify.plantnet.org/species/the-plant-list/Bromus secalinus L.)
Specifications
Growth habit: Graminoid
Growth
Ph maximum: 7.5
Ph minimum: 7.0
Light: 8
Atmospheric humidity: 4
Soil nutriments: 6
