Categories: Fabaceae

Cockscomb sainfoin (Onobrychis caput-galli, Fl. Franç. 2: 651 (1779))

Family: Fabaceae

Author: (L.) Lam.

Bibliography: Fl. Franç. 2: 651 (1779)

Year: 1779

Status: accepted

Rank: species

Genus: Onobrychis

Vegetable: False

Observations: Medit. to Iran

Description

Cockscomb sainfoin, scientifically known as Onobrychis caput-galli, is a fascinating plant belonging to the Fabaceae family. Described by the renowned botanist (L.) Lam. in the notable botanical compilation “Fl. Franç.” published in 1779, this plant holds its unique charm and botanical significance.

Originating from the Mediterranean region and extending its reach to Iran, Cockscomb sainfoin thrives in diverse climatic conditions reflecting its adaptability and resilience. This plant is often admired for its growth pattern, which forms a distinctive cockscomb-like appearance, a characteristic that has undoubtedly influenced its common name.

Cockscomb sainfoin is well-regarded in botany circles not just for its visual appeal but also for its role within its native ecosystems. As a member of the Fabaceae family, it plays a crucial part in nitrogen fixation, which enriches the soil, promoting better growth for surrounding plants. This symbiotic relationship highlights the plant’s ecological importance.

Throughout history, Onobrychis caput-galli has been observed and documented by botanists and plant enthusiasts alike, contributing to a richer understanding of its distribution, characteristics, and ecological value. Its presence from the Mediterranean to Iran speaks volumes about its adaptability to different soil types and climatic conditions.

In summary, Cockscomb sainfoin exemplifies both beauty and ecological functionality. Its scientific and common names are testament to its unique morphology and advantageous role in nature, making it an essential subject of study and appreciation within the botanical world.

Common Names

Eng: cockscomb sainfoin, cockshead sainfoin
En: Cockscomb sainfoin, Cockshead sainfoin
Ca: Trepadella anual
Fr: Sainfoin tête-de-coq
De: Hahnenkammesparset
He: כרבולת קטנה
It: Lupinella cresta di gallo

Synonyms

Onobrychis caput-galli f. depressa ((C.Presl) Širj.)
Onobrychis caput-galli f. brevispina (Hausskn.)
Onobrychis caput-galli f. affinis ((Verl.) Širj.)
Onobrychis caput-galli f. glabrata (Širj.)
Onobrychis echinus (DC.)
Onobrychis depressa (C.Presl)
Hedysarum caput-galli (L.)
Onobrychis caput-galli var. brevispina ((Hausskn.) Chrtek & B.Slavík)
Hedysarum bergerianum (Spreng.)
Hedysarum gallicaput (E.H.L.Krause)
Onobrychis alectorocephale (St.-Lag.)
Onobrychis caput-galli f. mirabilis (Širj.)
Hedysarum echinus (Poir.)
Onobrychis bergeriana ((Spreng.) DC.)
Onobrychis caput-galli var. tripolitana (Pamp.)
Onobrychis affinis (Verl.)

Distribution

Albania (native)
Algeria (native)
Bulgaria (native)
Cyprus (native)
East Aegean Is. (native)
France (native)
Greece (native)
Iran (native)
Iraq (native)
Italy (native)
Kriti (native)
Lebanon-Syria (native)
Libya (native)
Morocco (native)
Palestine (native)
Sicilia (native)
Spain (native)
Transcaucasus (native)
Tunisia (native)
Turkey (native)
Turkey-in-Europe (native)
Yugoslavia (native)