Corn brome (Bromus squarrosus, Sp. Pl.: 76 (1753))

Family: Poaceae

Author: L.

Bibliography: Sp. Pl.: 76 (1753)

Year: 1753

Status: accepted

Rank: species

Genus: Bromus

Vegetable: False

Observations: C. Europe to Mongolia, Medit. to Iran

Description

Corn brome, scientifically known as Bromus squarrosus, is a notable grass species belonging to the Poaceae family. This plant exhibits a wide geographical distribution, thriving in areas stretching from Central Europe to Mongolia, and extending from the Mediterranean region to Iran.

Bromus squarrosus, first described in the seminal work “Species Plantarum” in 1753 by the renowned botanist Carl Linnaeus, is a significant species within its genus. The plant is typically found in a variety of habitats, including grasslands, open fields, and disturbed soils, making it an adaptable species in its native range.

The morphological characteristics of Corn brome include its distinct spikelets and awned florets, which contribute to its identification and classification within the Bromus genus. The plant’s growth cycle and reproductive strategies align with those commonly found in temperate grass species, showcasing its resilience and adaptability to varying environmental conditions.

Corn brome plays an important role in its ecosystems, contributing to soil stability and providing forage for grazing animals. Furthermore, its presence in diverse habitats across a broad geographical range highlights its ecological versatility and significance.

Understanding the distribution and ecological role of Bromus squarrosus is essential for both botanists and ecologists, particularly in the context of conservation and land management practices. This species represents a small yet vital component of the intricate tapestry of flora that makes up our natural world.

Common Names

Eng: corn brome, rough brome
Deu: sparrige trespe
Pol: stokłosa łuskowata
Dan: udspærret hejre
Lav: izspūrusī l
Est: longus luste
Swe: pörrökattara, spretlosta
Fin: pörrökattara
Nob: sprikefaks
Nno: sprikjefaks
Lit: šiurkš
Fra: brome raboteux
En: Corn brome, Nodding brome, Rough Brome, Squarrose Brome
Ar: شويعرة خشنة
Be: Каласоўнік растапыраны
Bg: Разперена овсига
Ca: Serrafalc gros
Zh: 偏穗雀麦
Cs: Sveřep kostrbatý
Da: Udspærret hejre
Et: Longus luste
Fi: Pörrökattara, Pyörökattara
Fr: Brome raboteux
De: Sparrige Trespe
It: Forasacco pendolino
Lv: Izspūrusī l
Lt: Šiurkš
Nb: Sprikefaks
Nn: Sprikjefaks
Pl: Stokłosa łuskowata
Es: Bromo escuarroso
Sv: Spretlosta, Pörrökattara

Synonyms

• Bromus squarrosus var. dasystachys (Gaudin & Monnard)
• Bromus squarrosus var. gomboczii (Pénzes)
• Bromus squarrosus var. multiflorus (Velen.)
• Bromus stribrnyi (Velen.)
• Bromus squarrosus var. nanus (Bolzon)
• Bromus squarrosus subvar. villosus ((Roth) Rouy)
• Bromus squarrosus var. typicus (Posp.)
• Bromus squarrosus var. pubescens (Vis.)
• Serrafalcus squarrosus var. parviflorus (Bouvier)
• Bromus squarrosus var. paniculatus (Kuntze)
• Bromus squarrosus f. pauciflorus (Todor)
• Bromus squarrosus var. inermedius (Kuntze)
• Bromus squarrosus var. australis ((Willk.) D.Rivera & M.A.Carreras)
• Bromus balsiensis (Prodán)
• Bromus squarrosus subsp. typicus (Pénzes)
• Serrafalcus squarrosus var. minor (Ducommun)
• Bromus squarrosus subsp. danubialis (Pénzes)
• Bromus squarrosus var. danthoniae (Kuntze)
• Bromus squarrosus subsp. briziformis (Nyman)
• Bromus squarrosus subsp. consimilis (H.Scholz)
• Bromus patulus var. squarrosus ((L.) Döll)
• Serrafalcus squarrosus var. macrostachys (Bouvier)
• Bromus squarrosus subsp. noeanus (Pénzes)
• Serrafalcus squarrosus var. villosus ((Roth) Ces., Pass. & Gibelli)
• Bromus squarrosus var. minor (Sebast. & Mauri)
• Bromus squarrosus var. normalis (Kuntze)
• Bromus squarrosus var. uberrimus (Murb.)
• Bromus squarrosus var. exilis (Mutel)
• Bromus squarrosus subsp. villosus ((Roth) K.Richt.)
• Bromus japonicus var. paniculatus ((Kuntze) Roshev.)
• Bromus squarrosus f. nanus (Bolzon)
• Bromus squarrosus f. uberrimus ((Murb.) Pénzes)
• Serrafalcus squarrosus var. australis (Willk.)
• Bromus squarrosus var. grandistachys (Borbás)
• Bromus squarrosus f. grandistachys ((Borbás) Pénzes)
• Bromus littoralis (Steud.)
• Serrafalcus mollissimus (Arv.-Touv.)
• Bromus squarrosus var. parviflorus (K.Koch)
• Forasaccus squarrosus ((L.) Bubani)
• Bromus noeanus (Boiss.)
• Bromus squarrosus var. velutinus (Döll)
• Bromus volgensis (Willd.)
• Bromus squarrosus var. balsiensis ((Prodán) Todor)
• Bromus valdefissus (Sennen & Mauricio)
• Bromus squarrosus var. simplex (Kuntze)
• Bromus squarrosus var. puberulus (Beck)
• Bromus hirsutus (Schrank)
• Bromus squarrosus var. villosus (Roth)
• Bromus wolgensis (Fisch. ex J.Jacq.)
• Serrafalcus squarrosus ((L.) Bab.)
• Serrafalcus squarrosus subsp. villosus ((Roth) Arcang.)
• Bromus squarrosus var. megastachys (Borbás ex Jáv.)
• Bromus squarrosus var. megastachyus (Grecescu)
• Bromus megastachys (Borbás)
• Bromus squarrosus var. coloratus (Baumg.)
• Bromus squarrosus subsp. australis ((Willk.) K.Richt.)
• Bromus briziformis (Willk.)
• Bromus squarrosus var. wolgensis ((Fisch. ex J.Jacq.) Regel)
• Bromus coloratus (Baumg. ex Nyman)

Distribution

• Albania (native)
• Algeria (native)
• Altay (native)
• Austria (native)
• Baleares (native)
• Bulgaria (native)
• Central European Rus (native)
• China North-Central (native)
• Cyprus (native)
• Czechoslovakia (native)
• East European Russia (native)
• France (native)
• Greece (native)
• Hungary (native)
• Iran (native)
• Iraq (native)
• Italy (native)
• Kazakhstan (native)
• Kirgizstan (native)
• Krasnoyarsk (native)
• Kriti (native)
• Krym (native)
• Lebanon-Syria (native)
• Mongolia (native)
• Morocco (native)
• North Caucasus (native)
• Northwest European R (native)
• Palestine (native)
• Romania (native)
• South European Russi (native)
• Spain (native)
• Switzerland (native)
• Tadzhikistan (native)
• Transcaucasus (native)
• Tunisia (native)
• Turkey (native)
• Turkey-in-Europe (native)
• Turkmenistan (native)
• Ukraine (native)
• West Siberia (native)
• Xinjiang (native)
• Yugoslavia (native)
• Alberta (introduced)
• Arkansas (introduced)
• Baltic States (introduced)
• British Columbia (introduced)
• Canary Is. (introduced)
• Chile Central (introduced)
• Colorado (introduced)
• Connecticut (introduced)
• Hawaii (introduced)
• Idaho (introduced)
• Illinois (introduced)
• Indiana (introduced)
• Kansas (introduced)
• Kentucky (introduced)
• Manitoba (introduced)
• Michigan (introduced)
• Missouri (introduced)
• Montana (introduced)
• Nebraska (introduced)
• New Jersey (introduced)
• New Mexico (introduced)
• New York (introduced)
• North Dakota (introduced)
• North European Russi (introduced)
• Northwest Territorie (introduced)
• Ontario (introduced)
• Oregon (introduced)
• Pennsylvania (introduced)
• Poland (introduced)
• Primorye (introduced)
• South Dakota (introduced)
• Vermont (introduced)
• Washington (introduced)
• Wisconsin (introduced)
• Wyoming (introduced)

Additional Images

Fruit

Taken Jun 26, 2022 by Vittorio Basso (cc-by-sa)

Taken Jul 3, 2015 by Tela Botanica − Liliane ROUBAUDI (cc-by-sa)

Taken Jul 3, 2015 by Tela Botanica − Liliane ROUBAUDI (cc-by-sa)

Taken Jul 11, 2014 by Tela Botanica − Liliane Roubaudi (cc-by-sa)

Taken Jul 3, 2015 by Tela Botanica − Liliane ROUBAUDI (cc-by-sa)

Habit

Taken Aug 25, 2014 by Tela Botanica − Michel GAUBERT (cc-by-sa)

Taken May 15, 2019 by Photoflora – Jean-Luc TASSET (©)

Taken Jun 25, 2014 by Tela Botanica − Yoan MARTIN (cc-by-sa)

Taken Aug 25, 2014 by Tela Botanica − Michel GAUBERT (cc-by-sa)

Taken Jun 18, 2017 by Yoan MARTIN (cc-by-sa)

Bark

Taken Jun 18, 2017 by Yoan MARTIN (cc-by-sa)

Taken Jun 18, 2017 by Yoan MARTIN (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Taken Jul 15, 2004 by Photoflora – Jean-Luc TASSET (©)

Taken Aug 15, 2012 by Photoflora – Jean-Luc TASSET (©)

Taken Jul 15, 2004 by Photoflora – Jean-Luc TASSET (©)

Taken Jul 15, 2004 by Photoflora – Jean-Luc TASSET (©)

Taken Sep 3, 2013 by Tela Botanica − Genevieve BOTTI (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Taken Aug 24, 2020 by kenza touzri (cc-by-sa)

Taken Aug 24, 2020 by kenza touzri (cc-by-sa)

Taken Jun 13, 2020 by Lyda Ulysse (cc-by-sa)

Taken Jun 9, 2018 by Tela Botanica − Genevieve BOTTI (cc-by-sa)

Taken Jun 3, 2020 by vanity.fair (cc-by-sa)

Other

Taken Jan 1, 1970 by Photoflora – L’Abbé COSTE (©)

Taken Aug 15, 2013 by Photoflora – Benoit BOCK (©)

Taken Aug 15, 2012 by Photoflora – Benoit BOCK (©)

Taken Jun 15, 2012 by Tela Botanica − Etienne ASPORD (cc-by-sa)

Taken Jun 22, 2011 by Tela Botanica − Bertrand BUI (cc-by-sa)

© copyright of the Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

Sources

• WFO (No URL)
• IPNI (No URL)
• POWO (http://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:394125-1)
• GBIF (https://www.gbif.org/species/2703700)
• PlantNet (https://identify.plantnet.org/species/the-plant-list/Bromus squarrosus L.)

Specifications

Growth