Family: Poaceae
Author: (Ard.) Fritsch
Bibliography: Verh. K. K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 41: 742 (1891)
Year: 1891
Status: accepted
Rank: species
Genus: Echinochloa
Vegetable: False
Observations: Caucasus to Japan and Philippines
Description
Early barnyard grass, scientifically known as Echinochloa oryzoides, is a noteworthy member of the Poaceae family. First described in Verhandlungen der Kaiserlich-Königlichen Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien in 1891 by Ard. Fritsch, this grass species has since become an important botanical subject due to its pan-regional distribution and ecological significance.
Native to a vast expanse extending from the Caucasus to Japan and the Philippines, early barnyard grass thrives in a wide range of environmental conditions. Its adaptability aids in its proliferation across diverse climates and terrains, marking it as a resilient species within its genus.
This grass exhibits distinct characteristics typical of the Poaceae family, making it an interesting study for botanists and ecologists alike. Echinochloa oryzoides is not only significant from a botanical perspective but also impacts agriculture due to its resemblance to cultivated rice, often leading to its identification and management within agronomic systems.
Understanding the growth patterns, habitat, and ecological interactions of early barnyard grass contributes valuable insights into plant biodiversity and the dynamics of grassland ecosystems. Its widespread presence from the Caucasus region stretching to the far reaches of Japan and the Philippines highlights its importance in both natural and managed landscapes.
In summary, Echinochloa oryzoides, or early barnyard grass, stands as a key species within the Poaceae family, notable for its wide-ranging geographical occurrence and its relevance in studies of grassland habitats and agricultural practices.
Common Names
Eng: early water grass, early barnyard grass, hairy millet
Por: capim-arroz
En: Early barnyard grass, Hairy millet, Early water grass, Rice-Field Grass, Rice barnyardgrass, Early Water-grass, Large Cockspur, Rice Cockspur
Fr: Panic faux-riz, Échinochloé faux Riz, Échinochloé Phyllopogon, Mil des rizières
De: Große Hühnerhirse, Reis-Hühnerhirse, Reisartige Hühnerhirse
It: Giavone maggiore
Pt: Capim-arroz
Es: Equinocloa del arroz, Mijo de los arrozales, Pasto del arroz, Pierna de gallo mayor
Synonyms
- Echinochloa oryzoides subsp. phyllopogon ((Stapf) Tzvelev)
- Echinochloa coarctata var. elatior (Koss.)
- Echinochloa crus-galli var. oryzicola ((Vasinger) Ohwi)
- Echinochloa crus-galli var. riukiuensis (Ohwi)
- Digitaria hispidula ((Retz.) Willd.)
- Panicum crus-galli subsp. hostii ((M.Bieb.) K.Richt.)
- Panicum crus-galli var. hispidulum ((Retz.) Hack.)
- Panicum crus-galli var. grandiflorum (Döll)
- Echinochloa coarctata (Kossenko)
- Echinochloa phyllopogon subsp. oryzicola ((Vasinger) Kossenko)
- Echinochloa coarctata var. macrocarpa (Koss.)
- Echinochloa coarctata var. tenuis (Koss.)
- Panicum crus-galli var. longiaristatum (Ducommun)
- Echinochloa oryzicola ((Vasinger) Vasinger)
- Echinochloa erecta ((Pollacci) Pignatti)
- Echinochloa crus-galli var. hispidula ((Retz.) Honda)
- Panicum phylloryzoides (Novelli)
- Echinochloa crus-galli subsp. hostii ((M.Bieb.) K.Richt.)
- Panicum hispidulum (Retz.)
- Echinochloa phyllopogon ((Stapf) Stapf ex Kossenko)
- Panicum phyllopogon (Stapf)
- Echinochloa phyllopogon subsp. stapfiana (Koso-Pol.)
- Panicum hostii (M.Bieb.)
- Echinochloa crus-galli var. stagnina (Schur)
- Echinochloa crus-galli var. oryzacea (Kossenko)
- Echinochloa crus-galli subsp. erecta ((Pollacci) Cif. & Giacom.)
- Echinochloa crus-galli var. macrocarpa ((Vasinger) Ohwi)
- Panicum erectum (Pollacci)
- Echinochloa phylloryzoides (Novelli)
- Echinochloa phyllopogon var. stapfiana (Kossenko)
- Echinochloa crus-galli subsp. hispidula ((Retz.) Honda)
- Oryza rubra (Walp.)
- Echinochloa coarctata var. ferax (Koss.)
- Echinochloa pachychloa (Kossenko)
- Panicum oryzicola (Vasinger)
- Echinochloa oryzoides subsp. oryzicola ((Vasinger) Rivas Mart.)
- Panicum crus-galli var. erectum ((Pollacci) Fiori)
- Echinochloa crus-galli subsp. oryzoides ((Ard.) Cif. & Giacom.)
- Oplismenus crus-galli var. commutatus ((Schult.) Heynh.)
- Panicum crus-galli var. hostii ((M.Bieb.) Cout.)
- Panicum crus-galli var. oryzoides ((Ard.) Fiori)
- Echinochloa commutata (Schult.)
- Echinochloa crus-galli var. hostii ((M.Bieb.) Podp.)
- Echinochloa crus-galli subsp. oryzicola ((Vasinger) T.Koyama)
- Echinochloa macrocarpa (Vasinger)
- Panicum oryzinum (J.F.Gmel.)
- Echinochloa crus-galli var. oryzoides ((Ard.) Lindm.)
- Orthopogon retzii ((Retz.) Spreng.)
- Oplismenus hispidulus ((Retz.) Kunth)
- Echinochloa hispidula ((Retz.) Nees)
Distribution
- Afghanistan (native)
- China North-Central (native)
- China South-Central (native)
- China Southeast (native)
- Hainan (native)
- Japan (native)
- Kazakhstan (native)
- Kirgizstan (native)
- Korea (native)
- Nansei-shoto (native)
- North Caucasus (native)
- Pakistan (native)
- Philippines (native)
- Tadzhikistan (native)
- Taiwan (native)
- Tibet (native)
- Transcaucasus (native)
- Turkmenistan (native)
- Uzbekistan (native)
- Vietnam (native)
- West Himalaya (native)
- Xinjiang (native)
- Argentina Northeast (introduced)
- Argentina Northwest (introduced)
- Bulgaria (introduced)
- California (introduced)
- Caroline Is. (introduced)
- Czechoslovakia (introduced)
- Fiji (introduced)
- Hawaii (introduced)
- Hungary (introduced)
- Iran (introduced)
- Italy (introduced)
- Kriti (introduced)
- Krym (introduced)
- Morocco (introduced)
- Paraguay (introduced)
- Peru (introduced)
- Portugal (introduced)
- Primorye (introduced)
- Romania (introduced)
- Sardegna (introduced)
- Sicilia (introduced)
- South European Russi (introduced)
- Spain (introduced)
- Turkey (introduced)
- Turkey-in-Europe (introduced)
- Ukraine (introduced)
- Zaïre (introduced)
- Zimbabwe (introduced)
Additional Images
Leaf
Taken Aug 8, 2020 by Denise Stadman (cc-by-sa)
Fruit
Taken Aug 15, 2017 by Photoflora – Benoit BOCK (©)
Taken Aug 15, 2017 by Photoflora – Benoit BOCK (©)
Taken Aug 15, 2017 by Photoflora – Benoit BOCK (©)
Taken Apr 16, 2013 by EOL − Valter Jacinto (cc-by-nc-sa)
Taken Apr 16, 2013 by EOL − Valter Jacinto (cc-by-nc-sa)
Bark
Taken Aug 15, 2017 by Photoflora – Benoit BOCK (©)
Taken Aug 15, 2017 by Photoflora – Benoit BOCK (©)
Taken Apr 16, 2013 by EOL − Valter Jacinto (cc-by-nc-sa)
Other
Taken Aug 15, 2017 by Photoflora – Benoit BOCK (©)
Taken Aug 15, 2017 by Photoflora – Benoit BOCK (©)
© copyright of the Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
Sources
- WFO (No URL)
- IPNI (No URL)
- GBIF (https://www.gbif.org/species/2702820)
- POWO (http://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:399717-1)
- PlantNet (https://identify.plantnet.org/species/the-plant-list/Echinochloa oryzoides (Ard.) Fritsch)
Specifications
Growth habit>: Graminoid
Growth
Ph maximum: 7.5
Ph minimum: 7.0
Light: 9
Atmospheric humidity: 9
Soil nutriments: 8
