Evergreen violet (Viola sempervirens, Pittonia 4: 8 (1899))

Family: Violaceae

Author: Greene

Bibliography: Pittonia 4: 8 (1899)

Year: 1899

Status: accepted

Rank: species

Genus: Viola

Vegetable: Unknown

Observations: Alaska to California

Description

The Evergreen violet, scientifically known as Viola sempervirens, is a captivating perennial from the Violaceae family. First documented in the early botanical literature, notably in “Pittonia” by Greene in 1899, this enchanting plant has garnered attention for its intriguing characteristics and widespread habitat.

Characterized by its persistent foliage, the Evergreen violet lives up to its name by maintaining verdant leaves throughout the year. This distinguishing feature sets it apart from many of its deciduous counterparts. The plant’s leaves are typically heart-shaped, showcasing a rich green hue that adds vibrant color to woodland floors and garden settings alike.

Viola sempervirens is native to the Pacific coast of North America, with its range spanning from the cool, damp forests of Alaska to the diverse climates of California. This extensive distribution speaks to the plant’s adaptability and hardiness in various environmental conditions. It thrives in shaded woodland environments, often found under the canopy of coniferous forests and alongside mossy outcrops.

The flowers of the Evergreen violet are a delight to behold, typically blooming in late spring to early summer. They feature delicate petals in shades of purple, complemented by a subtle fragrance that attracts pollinators such as bees and butterflies. These blossoms not only contribute to the plant’s aesthetic appeal but also play a vital role in supporting local ecosystems by providing nectar and pollen.

Cultivating Viola sempervirens in garden settings requires mimicking its natural habitat. This includes providing well-draining soil rich in organic matter and ensuring part to full shade conditions. Gardeners appreciate this plant not only for its beauty but also for its low maintenance and resilience.

The Evergreen violet often finds a place in native plant gardens and woodland landscapes, where it can grow undisturbed, adding both ecological and ornamental value. It’s especially valued for its ground-covering abilities, which help to suppress weed growth and retain soil moisture.

In summary, Viola sempervirens, or the Evergreen violet, is a remarkable evergreen perennial known for its lush foliage, charming violet flowers, and wide geographic range from Alaska to California. Its contributions to both natural habitats and cultivated gardens underscore its importance and enduring appeal.

Common Names

Eng: evergreen violet, redwood violet, trailing yellow violet
Fra: violette toujours verte
En: Evergreen violet, Redwood violet, Trailing yellow violet
Fr: Violette toujours verte
Fa: بنفشه همیشه‌بهار

Synonyms

• Viola sempervirens subsp. typica (M.S.Baker)
• Viola sempervirens subsp. orbiculoides (M.S.Baker)

Distribution

• Alaska (native)
• British Columbia (native)
• California (native)
• Idaho (native)
• Oregon (native)
• Washington (native)

Additional Images

Flower

Taken Nov 13, 2002 by EOL − Robert Potts (cc-by-nc-sa)

Taken Feb 4, 2013 by EOL − Terry Gosliner (cc-by-nc)

Taken Mar 17, 2021 by Kelsey Smith-Coyle (cc-by-sa)

Taken Jun 8, 2019 by pipovci (cc-by-sa)

Taken Apr 13, 2020 by Hailey Malone (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Taken Feb 29, 2016 by EOL − JK Johnson (cc-by-nc)

Taken Jun 11, 2010 by EOL − Franco Folini (cc-by-nc-sa)

Taken Jan 12, 2015 by EOL − Damon Tighe (cc-by-nc)

Taken May 16, 2020 by AnnaH123 (cc-by-sa)

Taken Oct 10, 2022 by Mango Don (cc-by-sa)

Habit

Taken Feb 29, 2016 by EOL − Liam O’Brien (cc-by-nc)

Taken Feb 29, 2016 by EOL − Donna Pomeroy (cc-by-nc)

Taken Mar 4, 2016 by EOL − allylongaker (cc-by-nc)

Taken Mar 4, 2016 by EOL − addisonwalling (cc-by-nc)

Taken Mar 4, 2016 by EOL − Di (cc-by-nc-sa)

© copyright of the Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

Sources

• WFO (No URL)
• IPNI (No URL)
• GBIF (https://www.gbif.org/species/5331332)
• POWO (http://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:294755-2)
• PlantNet (https://identify.plantnet.org/species/the-plant-list/Viola sempervirens Greene)

Specifications

Growth