Fire-pink (Silene virginica, Sp. Pl.: 419 (1753))

Family: Caryophyllaceae

Author: L.

Bibliography: Sp. Pl.: 419 (1753)

Year: 1753

Status: accepted

Rank: species

Genus: Silene

Vegetable: False

Observations: NC. & E. U.S.A.

Description

Fire-pink, scientifically known as Silene virginica, is a strikingly beautiful and vibrant wildflower native to the eastern regions of the United States, including North Carolina. Belonging to the family Caryophyllaceae, the Fire-pink is easily recognized by its brilliantly red, star-shaped flowers that possess a somewhat ragged appearance due to the deeply notched petals. These eye-catching blooms typically appear from spring through early summer, creating a spectacular display that adds a splash of fiery color to woodland edges and open glades.

Silene virginica’s flowers are not only attractive to human admirers but also play a crucial role in the ecosystem. They are particularly known to attract hummingbirds, which are vital pollinators for this species. The tubular shape and vivid coloration of the Fire-pink flowers are perfectly adapted to these avian visitors, ensuring efficient pollination. Furthermore, the plant’s sticky calyces help deter ants and other insects that might otherwise steal nectar without contributing to pollination.

The Fire-pink’s foliage consists of lance-shaped, opposite leaves that form a basal rosette, with additional pairs climbing the stem. These leaves are a fresh green, forming a pleasing contrast against the intense red of the flowers. The plant itself is relatively low-growing, typically reaching heights of 12 to 24 inches, which makes it an excellent choice for adding interest to garden borders or naturalized landscaping projects.

First documented in 1753 by the celebrated botanist Carl Linnaeus, Silene virginica has a rich history in botanical literature. Its Latin nomenclature reflects some of its key characteristics: “Silene” possibly derives from the Greek word “sialon” (saliva), referencing the sticky nature of the plant’s stems and calyx, while “virginica” indicates its prevalence in Virginia and surrounding areas.

In gardens, Silene virginica thrives best in well-draining soils with moderate moisture and can tolerate partial shade to full sun. Gardeners value this plant not only for its vivid display but also for its relatively low maintenance needs and its capacity to naturalize in suitable conditions. Proper care includes ensuring adequate airflow around the plants to prevent mildew and removing spent flowers to promote continuous blooming.

In summary, the Fire-pink (Silene virginica) is a captivating member of the Caryophyllaceae family, cherished for its vibrant red flowers and ecological value. Celebrated by botanists and gardeners alike since its first description in the mid-18th century, this plant continues to charm with its fiery presence and important role in native habitats.

Common Names

Swe: eldglim
Eng: fire pink, fire-pink, virginia campion, virginia catchfly, scarlet catchfly
Fra: silène de virginie
En: Fire-pink, Fire pink, Virginia campion, Virginia catchfly, Scarlet catchfly
Fr: Silène de Virginie
Sv: Eldglim

Synonyms

• Lychnis virginica ((L.) Edwards)
• Silene virginica var. robusta (Strausb. & Core)
• Melandrium virginicum ((L.) A.Braun)
• Silene coccinea (Moench)
• Silene virginica var. minor (Walp.)
• Silene virginica var. hallensis (Pickens & M.C.W.Pickens)
• Silene catesbaei (Walter)

Distribution

• Alabama (native)
• Arkansas (native)
• Delaware (native)
• Georgia (native)
• Illinois (native)
• Indiana (native)
• Iowa (native)
• Kansas (native)
• Kentucky (native)
• Louisiana (native)
• Michigan (native)
• Mississippi (native)
• Missouri (native)
• New York (native)
• North Carolina (native)
• Ohio (native)
• Oklahoma (native)
• Pennsylvania (native)
• South Carolina (native)
• Tennessee (native)
• Virginia (native)
• West Virginia (native)
• Wisconsin (native)

Additional Images

Habit

Taken Apr 10, 2004 by EOL − Steven J. Baskauf (cc-by-nc-sa)

Taken May 10, 2013 by EOL − charlabeck (cc-by-nc)

Taken Dec 25, 2015 by EOL − smwhite (cc-by-nc)

Taken May 20, 2020 by Aaron Harp (cc-by-sa)

Taken Apr 27, 2022 by jimseng jimseng (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Taken Jul 11, 2021 by Matthew James (cc-by-sa)

Taken May 28, 2021 by arenda pace (cc-by-sa)

Taken May 18, 2019 by Elena Bodnárová (cc-by-sa)

Taken Apr 27, 2022 by jimseng jimseng (cc-by-sa)

Taken Apr 13, 2021 by Kayla Parr (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Taken Jan 1, 1900 by EOL − John Hilty (cc-by-nc)

Taken Jun 11, 2017 by Tela Botanica − _ (cc-by-sa)

Taken Apr 30, 2003 by EOL − Steven J. Baskauf (cc-by-nc-sa)

Taken May 20, 2020 by Aaron Harp (cc-by-sa)

Taken Jun 7, 2020 by Laura Augustine (cc-by-sa)

Bark

Taken May 1, 2021 by Lily Jones (cc-by-sa)

Taken Apr 23, 2015 by EOL − David Berry (cc-by-nc)

Taken May 3, 2009 by EOL − Ron Thomas (cc-by-nc-sa)

Taken Apr 30, 2003 by EOL − Steven J. Baskauf (cc-by-nc-sa)

Taken Apr 10, 2004 by EOL − Steven J. Baskauf (cc-by-nc-sa)

Fruit

Taken May 6, 2019 by Anja Collette (cc-by-sa)

Sources

• WFO (No URL)
• IPNI (No URL)
• GBIF (https://www.gbif.org/species/5384823)
• POWO (http://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:158643-1)
• PlantNet (https://identify.plantnet.org/species/the-plant-list/Silene virginica L.)

Specifications

Growth habit: Forb/herb

Growth