Fustet (Cotinus coggygria, Fl. Carniol., ed. 2, 1: 220 (1771))

Family: Anacardiaceae

Author: Scop.

Bibliography: Fl. Carniol., ed. 2, 1: 220 (1771)

Year: 1771

Status: accepted

Rank: species

Genus: Cotinus

Vegetable: False

Observations: SC. Europe to C. & S. China

Description

Fustet, known scientifically as Cotinus coggygria, is a striking deciduous shrub that belongs to the Anacardiaceae family. Endemic to southern and central Europe extending to central and southern China, this plant has garnered admiration for its unique aesthetic appeal and functional properties.

The Fustet’s foliage undergoes a remarkable transformation through the seasons, with its leaves shifting from a fresh green in the spring and summer to a spectacular array of yellows, oranges, and reds in the autumn. This vibrant display makes it a popular choice for ornamental gardens. One of the most distinctive features of Cotinus coggygria is its plume-like clusters of flowers, which give the plant a smoky appearance and have earned it the nickname “smoke tree” or “smoke bush.”

Typically growing to heights of 4-6 meters, the Fustet is a versatile shrub that thrives in well-drained soil under full sun to partial shade. It is relatively hardy and can withstand a variety of environmental conditions, making it a resilient addition to various landscapes. The plant’s adaptability also extends to its use in different settings, from residential gardens to expansive parklands.

Aside from its ornamental value, Cotinus coggygria has been recognized for its historical and practical applications. For centuries, parts of the plant were used in traditional dyeing processes, imparting rich yellow and brown hues to fabrics. This practice highlights the cultural significance of the Fustet in regions where it naturally flourishes.

The plant was first described in the botanical literature in the 18th century, specifically cited in ‘Flora Carniolica’ by Giovanni Antonio Scopoli in 1771. Scopoli’s work greatly contributed to the botanical understanding and classification of various species within its native range.

In conclusion, Cotinus coggygria, or Fustet, is not only remarkable for its visual qualities but also for its resilience and historical usage. Its widespread native habitat, stretching from southern Europe to China, underscores its versatility and enduring charm across different cultures and landscapes.

Common Names

Eng: european smoketree, fustet, smokebush, smoketree, venetian-sumac, wigtree, young fustic, smoke-bush, smoke-tree, common smoketree, venetian sumac, wig tree
Deu: europäischer perückenstrauch, perückenstrauch
Spa: fustete
Swe: perukbuske
Ces: ruj vlasatá
Nld: pruikenboom
Fra: fustet commun, arbre à perruques, arbre à perruque, fustet
Nno: parykkbusk
Nob: parykkbusk
En: Fustet, Venetian-sumac, Young fustic, Smokebush, Smoketree, Wigtree, European smoketree, Smoke Bush, Smoke-bush, Smoke-tree, Venetian Sumac, Wig tree, Common smoketree, Venetian Smoke Tree, Venetian Sumach, Young Fustig
Ar: دخانية سماقية
Az: Parik ağacı
Be: Скумпія кагігрыя
Bg: Обикновена смрадлика
Ca: Fustet
Zh: 黄栌
Hr: Rujevina
Cs: Ruj vlasatá
Da: Parykbusk
Nl: Pruikenboom, Pruikeboom
Eo: Eŭrazia kotino
Fi: Peruukkipensas
Fr: “Arbre à perruque, Sumac Fustet”, Fustet commun, Arbre à perruques, Arbre à perruque, Fustet, Sumac des teinturiers, Sumac fustet, Barbe-de-Jupiter, Coquecigrue, Marabout
Ka: Თრიმლი
De: Perückenstrauch, Gewöhnlicher Perückenstrauch, Europäischer Perückenstrauch, Fisetholz, Gelbholzsumach, Gemeiner Perückenstrauch, Grüner Perückenstrauch
El: Κότινος ο κογγύγριος
He: קוטינוס מזרחי
Hu: Sárga cserszömörce
It: Sommacco selvatico, Cotino, Scotano
Lt: Europinis pūkenis
Mk: Руј
No: Parykkbusk
Nb: Parykkbusk
Nn: Parykkbusk
Os: Тырымылы
Fa: درخت پر
Pl: Perukowiec podolski
Ru: Скумпия кожевенная
Sk: Škumpa vlasatá
Es: Fustete, Árbol de las pelucas, Árbol del humo
Sv: Perukbuske
Zh-tw: 黃櫨
Zh-hant: 黃櫨
Uk: Скумпія звичайна

Synonyms

• Cotinus coggygria var. cinereus (Engl.)
• Cotinus coggygria var. parvifolia (Beck)
• Rhus obovatifolia (Stokes)
• Cotinus coggygria f. atropurpureus ((Burv.) Geerinck)
• Cotinus coggygria var. pendulus ((Burv.) Dippel)
• Rhus simplicifolia (Salisb.)
• Rhus velutina (Wall. ex G.Don)
• Cotinus coggygria var. velutinus ((Wall. ex G.Don) Engl.)
• Cotinus cinereus ((Engl.) F.A.Barkley)
• Cotinus coggygria var. pubescens (Engl.)
• Cotinus coggygria f. pendulus ((Burv.) C.K.Schneid.)
• Cotinus coggygria f. rubrifolius ((Boom) Rehder)
• Cotinus coggygria var. rubrifolius (Boom)
• Cotinus coggygria var. chengkouensis (Y.T.Wu)
• Rhus cotinus atropurpurea (Burv.)
• Cotinus coggygria var. purpureus ((Dup.-Jam.) Rehder)
• Rhus cotinus purpurea (Dup.-Jam.)
• Cotinus coggygria f. purpureus ((Dup.-Jam.) Rehder)
• Cotinus coggygria var. glaucophyllus (C.Y.Wu)
• Cotinus velutinus ((Engl.) F.A.Barkley)
• Rhus cotinus (L.)
• Rhus cotinus pendula (Burv.)
• Rhus laevis (Wall. ex G.Don)
• Rhus cotina (St.-Lag.)
• Cotinus coggygria var. laevis ((Wall. ex G.Don) Engl.)
• Cotinus coggygria subsp. glabrus (H.Kaur & M.Sharma)
• Cotinus ellipticus (Raf.)
• Cotinus coriarius (Duhamel)
• Cotinus cotinus ((L.) Sarg.)

Distribution

• Albania (native)
• Austria (native)
• Bulgaria (native)
• China North-Central (native)
• China South-Central (native)
• China Southeast (native)
• Czechoslovakia (native)
• East Himalaya (native)
• France (native)
• Greece (native)
• Hungary (native)
• Iran (native)
• Italy (native)
• Kazakhstan (native)
• Kriti (native)
• Krym (native)
• Lebanon-Syria (native)
• Nepal (native)
• North Caucasus (native)
• Pakistan (native)
• Romania (native)
• South European Russi (native)
• Switzerland (native)
• Tibet (native)
• Transcaucasus (native)
• Turkey (native)
• Turkey-in-Europe (native)
• Turkmenistan (native)
• Ukraine (native)
• West Himalaya (native)
• Yugoslavia (native)
• Connecticut (introduced)
• Great Britain (introduced)
• Illinois (introduced)
• Korea (introduced)
• Masachusettes (introduced)
• New Jersey (introduced)
• New York (introduced)
• Ohio (introduced)
• Ontario (introduced)
• Pennsylvania (introduced)
• Tadzhikistan (introduced)
• Utah (introduced)
• Uzbekistan (introduced)
• Vermont (introduced)

Additional Images

Leaf

Taken Dec 1, 2021 by Miguel A. C. (cc-by-sa)

Taken Jun 18, 2021 by Espuelas Leticia (cc-by-sa)

Taken Nov 26, 2021 by mihai florin (cc-by-sa)

Taken May 13, 2017 by Nathan Torres (cc-by-sa)

Taken May 13, 2017 by Nathan Torres (cc-by-sa)

Habit

Taken Nov 17, 2021 by PapyDan (cc-by-sa)

Taken Sep 25, 2021 by Jitka Velikovská (cc-by-sa)

Taken Nov 25, 2022 by Fabrice Rubio (cc-by-sa)

Taken Oct 19, 2022 by Fabrice Rubio (cc-by-sa)

Taken Dec 1, 2021 by Miguel A. C. (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Taken Jun 30, 2007 by Andrzej Konstantynowicz (cc-by-sa)

Taken Jun 30, 2007 by Andrzej Konstantynowicz (cc-by-sa)

Taken Dec 4, 2021 by Zoe Vienne (cc-by-sa)

Taken Dec 20, 2021 by Annemarie Ahrens-Stehle (cc-by-sa)

Taken Dec 1, 2021 by Miguel A. C. (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Taken May 28, 2020 by Katy P (cc-by-sa)

Taken Dec 28, 2018 by beef (cc-by-sa)

Taken Jul 10, 2017 by Pep Secem (cc-by-sa)

Taken May 27, 2017 by Claire Tisseyre (cc-by-sa)

Taken Jun 1, 2020 by jeanne pyskir (cc-by-sa)

Bark

Taken Apr 29, 2019 by gilbert heyraud (cc-by-sa)

Taken Aug 25, 2019 by mimic35 (cc-by-sa)

Taken Aug 31, 2022 by Kai Best (cc-by-sa)

Taken Oct 19, 2022 by Fabrice Rubio (cc-by-sa)

Taken Nov 25, 2022 by Fabrice Rubio (cc-by-sa)

Other

Taken Aug 9, 2019 by Alix Le Corre (cc-by-sa)

Taken Nov 29, 2013 by Tela Botanica − Pierre Bonnet (cc-by-sa)

Taken Jun 27, 2020 by Giode Tonpino (cc-by-sa)

Taken Jun 27, 2020 by Giode Tonpino (cc-by-sa)

Taken Jul 21, 2022 by Oğuzhan (cc-by-sa)

© copyright of the Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

© copyright of the Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

© copyright of the Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

Sources

• WFO (No URL)
• IPNI (No URL)
• GBIF (https://www.gbif.org/species/3190522)
• POWO (http://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:69498-1)
• PlantNet (https://identify.plantnet.org/species/the-plant-list/Cotinus coggygria Scop.)

Specifications

Growth habit: Tree, Shrub

Growth

Ph maximum: 7.5

Ph minimum: 7.0

Light: 7

Atmospheric humidity: 5

Bloom months: [‘may’, ‘jun’]

Soil nutriments: 4