Family: Poaceae
Author: (L.) P.Beauv.
Bibliography: Ess. Agrostogr.: 51 (1812)
Year: 1812
Status: accepted
Rank: species
Genus: Setaria
Vegetable: False
Observations: Trop. & Subtrop. Old World
Description
Hooked bristlegrass, scientifically known as Setaria verticillata, is a plant belonging to the Poaceae family. This grass species, originally documented in the early 19th century by P.Beauv., within the work “Ess. Agrostogr.” (page 51, 1812), thrives prominently in tropical and subtropical regions across the Old World.
Setaria verticillata is notable for its characteristic hooked bristles, which play a significant role in seed dispersal by attaching themselves to the fur of animals or clothing of humans passing by. This adaptive trait enhances its ability to spread across various habitats, thereby ensuring its widespread occurrence.
The plant typically flourishes in a variety of settings such as roadside verges, agricultural fields, and disturbed sites, evincing its robust versatility. Its growth habit and resilience make it an important species for studying ecological interactions and plant adaptability in diverse environmental conditions.
In terms of appearance, hooked bristlegrass exhibits a green to purple tinge, forming dense clumps that can reach up to a meter in height. Its inflorescence is spiky and compact, adding to its distinct presence amongst other grasses.
Crucially, Setaria verticillata plays a role in local ecosystems by providing forage for herbivores and supporting insect populations. However, it can also be regarded as a weed in certain agricultural contexts due to its competitive nature and rapid growth.
Overall, hooked bristlegrass is a fascinating species with distinctive features and significant ecological implications, warranting its recognition and study within botany and agricultural sciences.
Common Names
Eng: bristle pigeon grass, bristly foxtail, bur bristle grass, bur grass, hooked bristlegrass, rough bristle grass, rough bristle-grass, whorled pigeon grass, hooked bristle grass, bur bristlegrass, rough bristlegrass, whorled foxtail, fox tail grass
Deu: kletten-borstenhirse (i. e. s.), kurzborstige borstenhirse, quirlige borstenhirse, quirlige borstenhirse i.w.s., trügerische borstenhirse
Dan: krans-skærmaks
Nld: kransnaaldaar
Lit: menturinė šerytė
Ces: bér přeslenitý
Lav: mieturain, mieturu sarene
Swe: sträv kavelhirs, kortborstig/sträv kavelhirs
Fra: sétaire verticillée
Est: võõr-kukeleib
Cym: cibog, cibogwellt troellog
En: Hooked bristlegrass, Rough Bristle-grass, Bristle pigeon grass, Bristly foxtail, Bur bristle grass, Bur grass, Rough bristle grass, Whorled pigeon grass, Hooked bristle grass, Bur bristlegrass, Fox tail grass, Rough bristlegrass, Whorled foxtail
Ca: Aferradissos, Herba de lladre, Xereix aferradís
Cs: Bér přeslenitý
Da: Krans-skærmaks
Nl: Kransnaaldaar
Et: Võõr-kukeleib
Fr: Sétaire verticillée, Panic rude, Panic verticillé
De: Kletten-Borstenhirse (i. e. S.), Kurzborstige Borstenhirse, Quirlige Borstenhirse, Quirlige Borstenhirse i.w.S., Trügerische Borstenhirse, Quirlbluetiger Fennich, Wirtel-Borstenhirse
He: זיפן הדורים
It: Pabbio verticillato
Lv: Mieturain, Mieturu sarene
Lt: Menturinė šerytė
Es: Almorejo verticilado, Lagartera
Sv: Sträv kavelhirs, Kortborstig/sträv kavelhirs
Cy: Cibog, Cibogwellt Troellog
Synonyms
- Panicum verticillatum (L.)
- Panicum floribundum (Willd. ex Spreng.)
- Panicum italicum (Ucria)
- Panicum italicum var. longisetum (Asch. & Graebn.)
- Setaria ambigua ((Guss.) Guss.)
- Setaria pseudoverticillata (Schltdl.)
- Setaria decipiens (Schimp. ex Morariu)
- Panicum verticillatum var. coloratum (A.Braun ex Asch. & Graebn.)
- Panicum verticillatum var. vulgare (Döll)
- Setaria adhaerens var. antrorsa ((A.Braun) H.Scholz)
- Setaria verticillata var. ambigua ((Guss.) Parl.)
- Chamaeraphis italica var. verticillata ((L.) Kuntze)
- Setaria glauca var. ambigua ((Guss.) Bouvier)
- Panicum verticillatum var. retrorsum (Asch. & Schweinf.)
- Panicum verticillatum var. antrorsum (A.Braun)
- Setaria teysmannii (Miq.)
- Chaetochloa ambigua ((Guss.) Scribn. & Merr.)
- Setaria decipiens var. schulteissii ((Zimm.) Morariu)
- Setaria verticillata var. congesta (F.Gérard)
- Setaria decipiens f. major ((Bujor.) Soó)
- Chamaeraphis italica var. ambigua ((Guss.) Kuntze)
- Panicum verticillatum var. brevisetum (Mutel)
- Setaria adhaerens var. ambigua ((Guss.) Belo-Corr.)
- Setaria viridis subsp. ambigua ((Guss.) K.Richt.)
- Setaria panicea subsp. ambigua ((Guss.) Asch. & Graebn.)
- Setaria conglomerata (Fr. ex Schltdl.)
- Setaria carnei (Hitchc.)
- Setaria decipiens f. schultheissii ((Zimm.) Soó)
- Panicum verticillatum var. robustum (A.Braun ex Asch. & Graebn.)
- Setaria ambigua f. ramiflora (Bujor.)
- Panicum verticillatum var. ambiguum (Guss.)
- Setaria viridis var. insularis (A.Terracc.)
- Setaria aspera (Link ex G.Don)
- Setaria verticillata var. breviseta (Gray)
- Chamaeraphis italica var. densa (Kuntze)
- Setaria verticillata var. pilifera (B.de Lesd.)
- Setaria verticillata var. ramosa (N.H.F.Desp.)
- Setaria verticilliformis (Dumort.)
- Chaetochloa verticillata var. breviseta ((Mutel) Farw.)
- Setaria verticillata var. longiseta ((Asch. & Graebn.) Volkart)
- Setaria decipiens f. latifolia ((Freyn) Soó)
- Setaria verticillata subsp. ambigua ((Guss.) Arcang.)
- Pennisetum verticillatum ((L.) R.Br.)
- Setaria nubica (Link)
- Setaria verticillata f. arenosa ((Schur) Morariu)
- Setaria adhaerens var. verticillata ((L.) Belo-Corr.)
- Setaria verticillata f. ambigua ((Guss.) B.Boivin)
- Chamaeraphis verticillata ((L.) Porter)
- Setaria verticillata var. latifolia (Freyn)
- Setaria pratensis (Phil.)
- Panicum verticillatum var. maior (Thunb.)
- Setaria verticillata var. arenosa (Schur)
- Setaria verticillata var. pubescens (Maire & Weiller)
- Setaria gussonei (Kerguélen)
- Setaria floribunda (Spreng.)
- Panicum verticillatum var. seticuliferum (Pauquy)
- Setaria adhaerens subsp. verticillata ((L.) Belo-Corr.)
- Setaria verticillata var. robusta ((A.Braun ex Asch. & Graebn.) Vollm.)
- Ixophorus verticillatus ((L.) Nash)
- Chaetochloa verticillata ((L.) Scribn.)
- Setaria leiantha f. subhirsuta (Hack.)
- Setaria ambigua f. schulteissii (Zimm.)
- Setaria ambigua f. major (Bujor.)
- Setariopsis verticillata ((L.) Samp.)
- Setaria ambigua var. latifolia (Freyn)
- Setaria viridis var. ambigua ((Guss.) Coss. & Durieu)
Distribution
- Afghanistan (native)
- Albania (native)
- Algeria (native)
- Andaman Is. (native)
- Angola (native)
- Azores (native)
- Baleares (native)
- Bangladesh (native)
- Belarus (native)
- Benin (native)
- Botswana (native)
- Bulgaria (native)
- Burkina (native)
- Burundi (native)
- Cambodia (native)
- Cameroon (native)
- Cape Provinces (native)
- Cape Verde (native)
- Central European Rus (native)
- Chad (native)
- China South-Central (native)
- Comoros (native)
- Corse (native)
- Cyprus (native)
- Djibouti (native)
- East Himalaya (native)
- Egypt (native)
- Eritrea (native)
- Ethiopia (native)
- France (native)
- Free State (native)
- Gambia (native)
- Ghana (native)
- Greece (native)
- Gulf States (native)
- India (native)
- Inner Mongolia (native)
- Iran (native)
- Iraq (native)
- Italy (native)
- Ivory Coast (native)
- Jawa (native)
- Kazakhstan (native)
- Kenya (native)
- Kirgizstan (native)
- Kriti (native)
- Krym (native)
- Kuwait (native)
- KwaZulu-Natal (native)
- Laccadive Is. (native)
- Laos (native)
- Lebanon-Syria (native)
- Lesotho (native)
- Lesser Sunda Is. (native)
- Libya (native)
- Madagascar (native)
- Malawi (native)
- Mali (native)
- Mauritania (native)
- Morocco (native)
- Mozambique (native)
- Myanmar (native)
- Namibia (native)
- Nepal (native)
- New South Wales (native)
- Nicobar Is. (native)
- Niger (native)
- Nigeria (native)
- North Caucasus (native)
- Northern Provinces (native)
- Northern Territory (native)
- Oman (native)
- Pakistan (native)
- Philippines (native)
- Portugal (native)
- Queensland (native)
- Romania (native)
- Rwanda (native)
- Sardegna (native)
- Saudi Arabia (native)
- Senegal (native)
- Sicilia (native)
- Sinai (native)
- Socotra (native)
- Somalia (native)
- South Australia (native)
- South European Russi (native)
- Spain (native)
- Sri Lanka (native)
- Sudan (native)
- Sulawesi (native)
- Swaziland (native)
- Tadzhikistan (native)
- Taiwan (native)
- Tanzania (native)
- Tasmania (native)
- Thailand (native)
- Togo (native)
- Transcaucasus (native)
- Tunisia (native)
- Turkey (native)
- Turkey-in-Europe (native)
- Turkmenistan (native)
- Uganda (native)
- Ukraine (native)
- Uzbekistan (native)
- Victoria (native)
- Vietnam (native)
- West Himalaya (native)
- Western Australia (native)
- Western Sahara (native)
- Yemen (native)
- Yugoslavia (native)
- Zambia (native)
- Zaïre (native)
- Zimbabwe (native)
- Alabama (introduced)
- Argentina Northeast (introduced)
- Argentina Northwest (introduced)
- Argentina South (introduced)
- Arizona (introduced)
- Arkansas (introduced)
- Ascension (introduced)
- Austria (introduced)
- Bahamas (introduced)
- Baltic States (introduced)
- Belgium (introduced)
- Bermuda (introduced)
- Brazil Northeast (introduced)
- Brazil South (introduced)
- Brazil Southeast (introduced)
- British Columbia (introduced)
- California (introduced)
- Chatham Is. (introduced)
- Chile Central (introduced)
- Chile North (introduced)
- Colombia (introduced)
- Colorado (introduced)
- Connecticut (introduced)
- Cuba (introduced)
- Czechoslovakia (introduced)
- Delaware (introduced)
- District of Columbia (introduced)
- Dominican Republic (introduced)
- East Aegean Is. (introduced)
- Ecuador (introduced)
- Florida (introduced)
- Germany (introduced)
- Great Britain (introduced)
- Guatemala (introduced)
- Haiti (introduced)
- Hawaii (introduced)
- Hungary (introduced)
- Idaho (introduced)
- Illinois (introduced)
- Indiana (introduced)
- Iowa (introduced)
- Japan (introduced)
- Kansas (introduced)
- Kentucky (introduced)
- Korea (introduced)
- Krasnoyarsk (introduced)
- Louisiana (introduced)
- Madeira (introduced)
- Maine (introduced)
- Manitoba (introduced)
- Marianas (introduced)
- Marquesas (introduced)
- Marshall Is. (introduced)
- Maryland (introduced)
- Masachusettes (introduced)
- Mauritius (introduced)
- Mexico Central (introduced)
- Mexico Gulf (introduced)
- Mexico Northeast (introduced)
- Mexico Northwest (introduced)
- Mexico Southeast (introduced)
- Mexico Southwest (introduced)
- Michigan (introduced)
- Minnesota (introduced)
- Missouri (introduced)
- Montana (introduced)
- Nansei-shoto (introduced)
- Nebraska (introduced)
- Netherlands (introduced)
- Netherlands Antilles (introduced)
- Nevada (introduced)
- New Caledonia (introduced)
- New Hampshire (introduced)
- New Jersey (introduced)
- New Mexico (introduced)
- New York (introduced)
- New Zealand North (introduced)
- New Zealand South (introduced)
- Norfolk Is. (introduced)
- North Dakota (introduced)
- Northwest Territorie (introduced)
- Ohio (introduced)
- Oklahoma (introduced)
- Ontario (introduced)
- Oregon (introduced)
- Palestine (introduced)
- Paraguay (introduced)
- Pennsylvania (introduced)
- Peru (introduced)
- Pitcairn Is. (introduced)
- Poland (introduced)
- Primorye (introduced)
- Québec (introduced)
- Rhode I. (introduced)
- Réunion (introduced)
- South Dakota (introduced)
- St.Helena (introduced)
- Switzerland (introduced)
- Texas (introduced)
- Uruguay (introduced)
- Utah (introduced)
- Venezuela (introduced)
- Vermont (introduced)
- Virginia (introduced)
- Wake I. (introduced)
- Washington (introduced)
- West Virginia (introduced)
- Wisconsin (introduced)
- Wyoming (introduced)
Additional Images
© copyright of the Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
© copyright of the Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
© copyright of the Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
Fruit
Taken Jul 23, 2005 by Tela Botanica − Augustin ROCHE (cc-by-sa)
Taken Jul 23, 2005 by Tela Botanica − Augustin ROCHE (cc-by-sa)
Taken Oct 20, 2022 by Andrzej Konstantynowicz (cc-by-sa)
Taken Oct 20, 2022 by Andrzej Konstantynowicz (cc-by-sa)
Taken Sep 4, 2017 by Pedro Salgadinho (cc-by-sa)
Habit
Taken Aug 12, 2022 by Patrice Bracquart (cc-by-sa)
Taken Aug 5, 2022 by Fabrice Rubio (cc-by-sa)
Taken Jul 6, 2021 by Gérard Foucher (cc-by-sa)
Taken Oct 20, 2022 by Andrzej Konstantynowicz (cc-by-sa)
Taken Jul 8, 2021 by Boumlik Messaïli (cc-by-sa)
Flower
Taken Sep 21, 2021 by Laurent RUPP (cc-by-sa)
Taken Jul 20, 2022 by Patrick Nard (cc-by-sa)
Taken Jul 8, 2021 by Boumlik Messaïli (cc-by-sa)
Taken Jul 8, 2021 by Boumlik Messaïli (cc-by-sa)
Taken Sep 1, 2019 by philippe vernier (cc-by-sa)
Leaf
Taken Sep 21, 2021 by Laurent RUPP (cc-by-sa)
Taken Sep 21, 2021 by Mihajlo Tomić (cc-by-sa)
Taken Jun 28, 2022 by M Kopačić (cc-by-sa)
Taken Oct 16, 2022 by Aleix B.R (cc-by-sa)
Taken Sep 15, 2019 by Bar Val (cc-by-sa)
Other
Taken Aug 15, 2018 by Photoflora – Benoit BOCK (©)
Taken Aug 28, 2012 by Tela Botanica − Hugues TINGUY (cc-by-sa)
Taken Jul 8, 2011 by Tela Botanica − Bertrand BUI (cc-by-sa)
Taken Jan 1, 1800 by Tela Botanica − Daniel MATHIEU (cc-by-sa)
Taken Jul 8, 2021 by r. Unter (cc-by-sa)
Bark
Taken Nov 2, 2022 by M. Hedayat (cc-by-sa)
Taken Oct 6, 2022 by M. Hedayat (cc-by-sa)
Taken Jul 3, 2021 by Leny Mercier (cc-by-sa)
Taken Aug 8, 2008 by Tela Botanica − Mathieu MENAND (cc-by-sa)
Taken Aug 23, 2022 by Aurignacian Adam (cc-by-sa)
Sources
- WFO (No URL)
- IPNI (No URL)
- GBIF (https://www.gbif.org/species/5289686)
- POWO (http://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:421857-1)
- PlantNet (https://identify.plantnet.org/species/the-plant-list/Setaria verticillata (L.) P.Beauv.)
Specifications
Growth habit: Graminoid
Growth
Ph maximum: 5.5
Ph minimum: 5.0
Light: 8
Atmospheric humidity: 4
Bloom months: [‘jun’, ‘jul’, ‘aug’, ‘sep’, ‘oct’]
Soil nutriments: 7
