Family: Poaceae
Author: L.
Bibliography: Sp. Pl.: 79 (1753)
Year: 1753
Status: accepted
Rank: species
Genus: Avena
Vegetable: Unknown
Observations: a cultigen from W. Asia
Description
Red oat (Avena sativa) is an important cereal crop that belongs to the Poaceae family. First documented in a botanical reference in 1753, red oats were described by the renowned botanist Carolus Linnaeus. This crop is not just a random wild plant but rather a cultivated species, specifically originating from Western Asia.
Over centuries, red oats have been selectively bred and cultivated to enhance their desirable traits, making them a staple in agricultural practices worldwide. These oats are prized for their adaptability to a variety of soil types and climates, making them a versatile crop grown in many regions beyond their native range.
In agriculture, red oats are valued for their nutritional benefits, being rich in essential nutrients such as fiber, protein, and essential vitamins. They are commonly used as a forage crop for livestock due to their high nutritional content. Additionally, red oats serve as a cover crop, preventing soil erosion and improving soil health through nutrient replenishment.
Moreover, red oats have found their way into human food systems as well. They are commonly processed into oatmeal and used in a variety of food products, contributing to a balanced and healthy diet. Their husk-free grains make them particularly useful for creating whole oat products that preserve the full nutritional spectrum of the grain.
Environmental resilience is another key characteristic of red oats. They are drought-tolerant and resilient against certain diseases and pests, which further underscores their importance in sustainable agricultural practices.
Overall, the cultivation of red oats (Avena sativa) serves multiple purposes, from boosting agricultural productivity and providing high-quality forage to supporting human nutrition. With their origins tracing back to Western Asia, these cultivated plants continue to play a crucial role in both traditional farming and modern agricultural systems.
Common Names
Dan: almindelig havre
Fra: avoine cultivée, avoine, avoine byzantine
Eng: common oat, oat, oats, red oat, side oat, tree oat, cultivated oats, common oats, cultivated oat, naked oats
Deu: hafer, mittelmeerhafer, saat-hafer, saathafer
Tur: yulaf
Por: aveia, aveia-amarela, aveia-comum, aveia-doida, aveia-nua, balanco, balanco-maior, balanquinho, rabo-de-galo
Ita: avena, avena rossa
Spa: avena, avena común, avena roja
Swe: havre, rödhavre
Hun: kínai zab
Ces: oves setý, oves setý skup. chinensis, oves setý skup. praegravis
Ara: shofan
Nld: haver, gekweekte haver
Sme: hávvar
Cym: ceirch, ceirchen
En: Red oat, Tree oat, Oat, Side oat, Common oat, Oats, Wild oat, Common oats, Oatgrass (common), Saat-Hafer, Uvedzu, Āte, ओट, Cultivated oats, Cultivated Oat, Naked oats, Algerian Oat, Wild oats
Af: Hawer
Sq: Tërshëra
Am: ኣጃ
Ar: Shofan, خفور (خَفُور), زمير (زُميِّر), فاخور, ﺷﻮﻓﺎن
An: Cevada, Civada
Hy: Ցանովի վարսակ
Az: Əkin yulafı
Ba: Һоло
Eu: Olo
Be: Авёс пасяўны
Bn: জই
Bs: Zob
Br: Kerc’h
Bg: Овес
Ca: Civada
Zh: Yan mai, 燕麥, 燕麦, 蓧麥
Hr: Zob
Cs: Oves setý, Oves setý skup. Chinensis, Oves setý skup. Praegravis
Da: Almindelig Havre
Nl: Haver, Gekweekte haver
Eo: Kutima aveno, Aveno
Et: Kaer
Fi: Kaura, Peltokaura
Fr: Avoine byzantine, Avoine cultivée, Avoine, Avoine folle, Havenon, Avoine glabre
Gl: Avea
Ka: Შვრია
De: Saathafer, Hafer, Mittelmeerhafer, Echter Hafer, Saat-Hafer, Sommerhafer, Echter-Hafer, Mittelmeer-Hafer, Rispen-Hafer
El: Βρώμη
Ht: Avwàn
He: שיבולת-שועל, שיבולת-שועל תרבותית
Hi: जई
Hu: Abrakzab, Kínai zab
Is: Akurhafrar, Hafrar
Id: Haver
Ga: Coirce
It: Avena, Avena rossa, Avena comune, Biada
Ja: Ma-karasu-mugi, Ōto, Ōto-mugi
Jv: Haver
Kn: ಓಟ್ಸ್
Kk: Сұлы
Ky: Сулу
Ko: Gwiri, 귀리
Ku: Gîhagulî
Lv: Auzas, Sējas auzas
Li: Haver
Lt: Sėjamoji aviža
Mk: Овес
Ms: Oat
Ml: ഓട്ട്സ്
Mr: ओट
Mn: Таримал хошуу будаа
Se: Hávvar
No: Havre
Oc: Civada
Pa: ਜਵੀ
Fa: ﻳﻮﻻف
Pl: Owies zwyczajny
Pt: Aveia, Aveia-amarela, Aveia-comum, Aveia-doida, Aveia-nua, Balanco, Balanco-maior, Balanquinho, Rabo-de-galo
Qu: Tarpuy awina
Ro: Ovăz
Ru: Овёс посевной, Овёс
Gd: Coirce
Sr: Ovas
Si: යව
Sk: Ovos siaty
So: Sareen
Es: Avena, Avena común, Avena roja, Oves, Usa kachu
Sw: Oti
Sv: Havre, Rödhavre
Tl: Obena
Zh-tw: 燕麥
Ta: புல்லரிசி
Tt: Игүле солы
Te: వోట్
Th: ข้าวโอ๊ต
Bo: ཡུག་པོ།
Tr: Beyaz yulaf, Yulaf
Ug: سۇلۇ
Uk: Овес
Ur: جئی
Uz: Suli
Vi: Yến mạch
Wa: Avoenne
Cy: Ceirch, Ceirchen
Fy: Hjouwer
Yi: האבער
Synonyms
- Avena pseudosativa ((Thell.) Herter)
- Avena sativa var. montana (Alef.)
- Avena racemosa (Thuill.)
- Avena sterilis subsp. nodipubescens (Malzev)
- Avena fatua f. brachytricha (Thell.)
- Avena ponderosa (L. ex B.D.Jacks.)
- Avena sativa var. nigra (Alef.)
- Avena sativa var. praegravis (E.Krause)
- Avena orientalis var. arundinacea (Peterm.)
- Avena sexflora (Larrañaga)
- Avena sativa var. hyemalis (Vilm.)
- Avena sativa subsp. orientalis ((Schreb.) Asch. & Graebn.)
- Avena sativa var. erythrosperma (N.H.F.Desp.)
- Avena orientalis var. nuda (Lej.)
- Avena sativa var. macrantha (Hack.)
- Avena agraria var. mutica (Brot.)
- Avena fatua subsp. nodipilosa (Malzev)
- Avena sativa var. fuscoatra (Peterm.)
- Avena fatua var. microtricha (Malzev)
- Avena fatua subsp. praegravis ((E.Krause) Malzev)
- Avena tatarica (Ard.)
- Avena fatua var. pilifera (Malzev)
- Avena trisperma (Schübler)
- Avena georgiana (Roem. & Schult.)
- Avena fatua f. setulosa (Thell.)
- Avena sativa var. pilosa ((Koeler) Tab.Morais)
- Avena heteromalla (Haller)
- Avena grandis (Nevski)
- Avena sativa var. praecox (Metzg. ex Alef.)
- Avena byzantina var. thellungiana ((Malzev) Tab.Morais)
- Avena sativa var. pilifera ((Malzev) Tzvelev)
- Avena sativa var. secunda (Alph.Wood)
- Avena sativa var. obtusata (Alef.)
- Avena fatua subsp. macrantha ((Hack.) Malzev)
- Avena orientalis var. flavescens (Peterm.)
- Avena sativa var. macrathera ((Thell.) Parodi)
- Avena praegravis ((E.Krause) Roshev.)
- Avena fatua var. glaberrima ((Thell.) Malzev)
- Avena sativa subsp. aristata (Schübl. & G.Martens)
- Avena sativa f. arundinacea ((Peterm.) Soó)
- Avena sativa var. trisperma ((Schübler) Peterm.)
- Avena macrantha ((Hack.) Nevski)
- Avena sativa subsp. macrantha ((Hack.) Rocha Afonso)
- Avena unilateralis (Brouss. ex Roem. & Schult.)
- Avena sativa var. aristata (Schur)
- Avena fatua f. macrathera (Thell.)
- Avena mutata (Samp.)
- Avena sativa var. tristis (Alef.)
- Avena fatua subsp. sativa ((L.) Thell.)
- Avena sterilis subsp. pseudosativa ((Thell.) Malzev)
- Avena dispermis (Mill.)
- Avena pendula (Gilib.)
- Avena polonica (Schwägr. ex Schmalh.)
- Avena fatua var. macrotricha (Malzev)
- Avena sativa var. macrotricha ((Malzev) Tzvelev)
- Avena sativa var. subuniflora ((Trab.) Tzvelev)
- Avena sativa var. setulosa ((Thell.) Parodi)
- Avena orientalis var. fuscoatra (Peterm.)
- Avena shatilowiana (Litv.)
- Avena sativa var. uniflora (Stokes)
- Avena sativa var. glaberrima ((Thell.) Maire & Weiller)
- Avena sativa var. alba (DC.)
- Avena orientalis (Schreb.)
- Avena persarum (Nevski)
- Avena sativa subsp. praegravis ((E.Krause) Tab.Morais)
- Avena cinerea (Roem. & Schult.)
- Avena flava (Roem. & Schult.)
- Avena sativa var. rubella (Tinant)
- Avena fatua var. transiens (Hausskn.)
- Avena sativa var. mutica (Gray)
- Avena sativa var. brachytricha ((Thell.) Tzvelev)
- Avena fatua var. subuniflora (Trab.)
- Avena fatua f. glaberrima (Thell.)
- Avena thellungii (Nevski)
- Avena sativa subsp. diffusa (Asch. & Graebn.)
- Avena mutica (Krock.)
- Avena sativa subvar. pilosa (Koeler)
- Avena praecocioides (Litv.)
- Avena sativa subsp. nodipilosa ((Malzev) Vasc.)
- Avena orientalis var. mutica (Gray)
- Avena fusciflora (Schur)
- Avena distans (Schur)
- Avena sativa var. degener (Noulet)
- Avena sterilis f. pseudosativa (Thell.)
- Avena sativa var. microtricha ((Malzev) Tzvelev)
- Avena sterilis var. thellungiana (Malzev)
- Avena orientalis subsp. mutica (Schübl. & G.Martens)
- Avena sativa var. semiaristata (Schur)
- Avena sterilis var. algeriensis ((Trab.) Trab.)
- Avena sativa var. abbreviata (Dumort.)
- Avena algeriensis (Trab.)
- Avena fatua var. sativa ((L.) Hausskn.)
- Avena trabutiana (Thell.)
- Avena sativa var. fusca (Alef.)
- Avena sativa subsp. contracta ((Neilr.) Čelak.)
- Avena nodipilosa ((Malzev) Malzev)
- Avena verna (Heuze)
- Avena sativa var. fusciflora (Schur)
- Avena glabrata (Hausm.)
- Avena sativa var. aurea (Peterm.)
- Avena fatua var. contracta ((Neilr.) Thell.)
- Avena sativa var. vulgaris (Alef.)
- Avena transiens ((Hausskn.) Tzvelev)
- Avena sativa var. rufa (Schur)
- Avena sativa var. flavescens ((Peterm.) Soó)
- Avena anglica (Roem. & Schult.)
- Avena geogica (Zuccagni)
- Avena sativa var. arduennensis (Schur)
- Avena hungarica (Lucá)
- Avena sativa var. pugnax (Alef.)
- Avena praecoqua (Litv.)
- Avena sativa var. contracta (Neilr.)
- Avena fatua var. pilosa ((Koeler) Malzev)
Distribution
- Iran (native)
- Iraq (native)
- Alabama (introduced)
- Alaska (introduced)
- Albania (introduced)
- Alberta (introduced)
- Algeria (introduced)
- Altay (introduced)
- Amur (introduced)
- Argentina Northeast (introduced)
- Argentina Northwest (introduced)
- Argentina South (introduced)
- Arizona (introduced)
- Arkansas (introduced)
- Austria (introduced)
- Baleares (introduced)
- Baltic States (introduced)
- Bangladesh (introduced)
- Belarus (introduced)
- Belgium (introduced)
- Bermuda (introduced)
- Brazil South (introduced)
- Brazil Southeast (introduced)
- British Columbia (introduced)
- Bulgaria (introduced)
- Burundi (introduced)
- California (introduced)
- Canary Is. (introduced)
- Cape Provinces (introduced)
- Cape Verde (introduced)
- Central European Rus (introduced)
- Chatham Is. (introduced)
- Chile Central (introduced)
- Chile South (introduced)
- China North-Central (introduced)
- China South-Central (introduced)
- China Southeast (introduced)
- Colombia (introduced)
- Colorado (introduced)
- Connecticut (introduced)
- Corse (introduced)
- Costa Rica (introduced)
- Cuba (introduced)
- Cyprus (introduced)
- Czechoslovakia (introduced)
- Denmark (introduced)
- District of Columbia (introduced)
- Dominican Republic (introduced)
- East European Russia (introduced)
- East Himalaya (introduced)
- Ecuador (introduced)
- Egypt (introduced)
- Ethiopia (introduced)
- Falkland Is. (introduced)
- Fiji (introduced)
- Finland (introduced)
- Florida (introduced)
- France (introduced)
- Free State (introduced)
- Georgia (introduced)
- Germany (introduced)
- Great Britain (introduced)
- Greece (introduced)
- Greenland (introduced)
- Guatemala (introduced)
- Haiti (introduced)
- Hawaii (introduced)
- Honduras (introduced)
- Hungary (introduced)
- Iceland (introduced)
- Idaho (introduced)
- Illinois (introduced)
- India (introduced)
- Indiana (introduced)
- Iowa (introduced)
- Irkutsk (introduced)
- Italy (introduced)
- Jamaica (introduced)
- Japan (introduced)
- Jawa (introduced)
- Kamchatka (introduced)
- Kansas (introduced)
- Kazakhstan (introduced)
- Kentucky (introduced)
- Khabarovsk (introduced)
- Kirgizstan (introduced)
- Korea (introduced)
- Kriti (introduced)
- Krym (introduced)
- Kuril Is. (introduced)
- Kuwait (introduced)
- KwaZulu-Natal (introduced)
- Laos (introduced)
- Lebanon-Syria (introduced)
- Lesotho (introduced)
- Lesser Sunda Is. (introduced)
- Louisiana (introduced)
- Magadan (introduced)
- Maine (introduced)
- Mali (introduced)
- Manitoba (introduced)
- Marianas (introduced)
- Marquesas (introduced)
- Marshall Is. (introduced)
- Maryland (introduced)
- Masachusettes (introduced)
- Mexico Central (introduced)
- Mexico Gulf (introduced)
- Mexico Northeast (introduced)
- Mexico Northwest (introduced)
- Mexico Southeast (introduced)
- Mexico Southwest (introduced)
- Michigan (introduced)
- Minnesota (introduced)
- Mississippi (introduced)
- Missouri (introduced)
- Mongolia (introduced)
- Montana (introduced)
- Morocco (introduced)
- Myanmar (introduced)
- Nansei-shoto (introduced)
- Nebraska (introduced)
- Netherlands (introduced)
- Nevada (introduced)
- New Brunswick (introduced)
- New Caledonia (introduced)
- New Hampshire (introduced)
- New Jersey (introduced)
- New Mexico (introduced)
- New South Wales (introduced)
- New York (introduced)
- New Zealand North (introduced)
- New Zealand South (introduced)
- Newfoundland (introduced)
- Norfolk Is. (introduced)
- North Carolina (introduced)
- North Caucasus (introduced)
- North Dakota (introduced)
- North European Russi (introduced)
- Northern Provinces (introduced)
- Northwest European R (introduced)
- Northwest Territorie (introduced)
- Norway (introduced)
- Nova Scotia (introduced)
- Ohio (introduced)
- Oklahoma (introduced)
- Oman (introduced)
- Ontario (introduced)
- Oregon (introduced)
- Pakistan (introduced)
- Palestine (introduced)
- Pennsylvania (introduced)
- Peru (introduced)
- Philippines (introduced)
- Poland (introduced)
- Portugal (introduced)
- Primorye (introduced)
- Prince Edward I. (introduced)
- Puerto Rico (introduced)
- Queensland (introduced)
- Québec (introduced)
- Rhode I. (introduced)
- Romania (introduced)
- Sakhalin (introduced)
- Sardegna (introduced)
- Saskatchewan (introduced)
- Sicilia (introduced)
- Sinai (introduced)
- South Australia (introduced)
- South Carolina (introduced)
- South Dakota (introduced)
- South European Russi (introduced)
- Spain (introduced)
- Sri Lanka (introduced)
- Sweden (introduced)
- Switzerland (introduced)
- Tadzhikistan (introduced)
- Tasmania (introduced)
- Tennessee (introduced)
- Texas (introduced)
- Transcaucasus (introduced)
- Trinidad-Tobago (introduced)
- Tunisia (introduced)
- Turkey (introduced)
- Turkey-in-Europe (introduced)
- Turkmenistan (introduced)
- Ukraine (introduced)
- Utah (introduced)
- Uzbekistan (introduced)
- Vermont (introduced)
- Victoria (introduced)
- Vietnam (introduced)
- Virginia (introduced)
- Washington (introduced)
- West Himalaya (introduced)
- West Virginia (introduced)
- Western Australia (introduced)
- Windward Is. (introduced)
- Wisconsin (introduced)
- Wyoming (introduced)
- Yugoslavia (introduced)
- Yukon (introduced)
Additional Images
© copyright of the Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
© copyright of the Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
© copyright of the Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
Fruit
Taken Sep 8, 2022 by Paul Rosenkranz (cc-by-sa)
Taken May 27, 2018 by Fejul Xeto (cc-by-sa)
Taken May 10, 2020 by napsbud (cc-by-sa)
Taken Jul 8, 2022 by Kai Best (cc-by-sa)
Taken Aug 1, 2014 by Tela Botanica − daniel kieffer (cc-by-sa)
Habit
Taken Jun 7, 2022 by Andrzej Konstantynowicz (cc-by-sa)
Taken Jun 6, 2022 by Kai Best (cc-by-sa)
Taken Aug 28, 2021 by Trap Hers (cc-by-sa)
Taken Jun 13, 2022 by Fabrice Rubio (cc-by-sa)
Taken Jul 8, 2022 by Kai Best (cc-by-sa)
Flower
Taken Aug 16, 2019 by André Hyvrier (cc-by-sa)
Taken Jun 13, 2022 by Fabrice Rubio (cc-by-sa)
Taken Jun 19, 2021 by mohammad fazel dehkordi (cc-by-sa)
Taken Jun 26, 2021 by Viktória Tóth (cc-by-sa)
Taken Jun 18, 2010 by Henk Van Lottum (cc-by-sa)
Leaf
Taken May 23, 2021 by Sánchez Felipe (cc-by-sa)
Taken Jun 2, 2021 by École Simone Veil (cc-by-sa)
Taken Jun 13, 2022 by Fabrice Rubio (cc-by-sa)
Taken Jun 15, 2021 by Clare Simon (cc-by-sa)
Taken May 9, 2020 by Mat Alf (cc-by-sa)
Other
Taken Oct 26, 2019 by Mihai Ionita (cc-by-sa)
Taken May 24, 2021 by mohammad fazel dehkordi (cc-by-sa)
Taken May 24, 2021 by mohammad fazel dehkordi (cc-by-sa)
Taken Jun 30, 1853 by Tela Botanica − Herbier PONTARLIER-MARICHAL (cc-by-sa)
Taken Jun 19, 2021 by mohammad fazel dehkordi (cc-by-sa)
Bark
Taken Jul 2, 2021 by Dieter Albrecht (cc-by-sa)
Taken Jun 16, 2020 by mina (cc-by-sa)
Taken Jul 20, 2019 by Guerrero Eduardo (cc-by-sa)
Taken Jul 10, 2022 by Antonio Gerbase (cc-by-sa)
Taken Jul 23, 2017 by Yoan MARTIN (cc-by-sa)
Sources
- WFO (No URL)
- IPNI (No URL)
- GBIF (https://www.gbif.org/species/2705290)
- PlantNet (https://identify.plantnet.org/species/the-plant-list/Avena sativa L.)
- POWO (http://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:391732-1)
Specifications
Growth
