Categories: Fabaceae

Shrubby restharrow (Ononis fruticosa, Sp. Pl.: 718 (1753))

Family: Fabaceae

Author: L.

Bibliography: Sp. Pl.: 718 (1753)

Year: 1753

Status: accepted

Rank: species

Genus: Ononis

Vegetable: False

Observations: SE. France to C. & E. Spain, NW. Africa

Description

The Shrubby Restharrow, scientifically known as Ononis fruticosa, is a captivating member of the Fabaceae family. This resilient and enduring plant thrives predominantly in regions spanning from Southeastern France to Central and Eastern Spain, extending its presence even to Northwestern Africa.

First described by the renowned botanist Carl Linnaeus in 1753, the Shrubby Restharrow stands distinguished within its botanical lineage. Characterized by its intricate and hardy structure, this shrub often garners admiration for both its aesthetic appeal and its ecological significance.

Ononis fruticosa typically flourishes in its native habitats, which encompass Mediterranean climates known for their hot, dry summers and mild, wet winters. This climatic provision has enabled the plant to develop notable adaptations, including a deep root system to access subterranean water reserves and an ability to thrive in poorer soil conditions where other flora may struggle.

One of the most striking features of the Shrubby Restharrow is its appealing foliage and delicate flowers, which resonate with the rustic beauty of its habitat. The leaves are often small and somewhat sticky to the touch, a practical adaptation to reduce water loss through evaporation. In the spring and summer months, the shrub adorns itself with clusters of dainty, pinkish blooms that add a splash of color to the landscape.

Ecologically, Ononis fruticosa plays a vital role in its environment. Its dense growth form provides shelter and nesting sites for various insects and small animals. Furthermore, being a member of the Fabaceae family, it contributes to soil fertility through nitrogen fixation—a process where atmospheric nitrogen is converted into a form usable by plants, thus enriching the soil.

In addition to its ecological roles, Shrubby Restharrow has also been noted historically for its utility in traditional herbal remedies. While contemporary use may be limited, historical texts often cite its applications in addressing urinary and kidney issues, reflecting a rich tapestry of ethnobotanical knowledge.

In summary, Ononis fruticosa, or Shrubby Restharrow, stands out not merely for its botanical beauty but also for its ecological importance and historical relevance. This resilient shrub continues to flourish across its native ranges, embodying the enduring charm and complexity of Mediterranean flora.

Common Names

Cat: gavó fruticós
Eng: shrubby restharrow
Swe: stort busktörne
En: Shrubby restharrow
Ca: Gavó fruticós
Fr: Bugrane buissonnante, Bugrane ligneuse
De: Haubechel, Strauchige Hauhechel
It: Ononide cespugliosa
Es: Garbancillera borde, Hierba melera
Sv: Stort busktörne

Synonyms

Ononis purpurea (Mill. ex Steud.)
Anonis fruticosa ((L.) Lam.)
Ononis fruticosa subsp. mycrophylla ((DC.) O.Bolòs, Vigo, Masalles & Ninot)
Ononis fruticosa f. mycrophylla ((DC.) Širj.)
Ononis rigida (Kunze)
Natrix fruticosa ((L.) Moench)
Ononis fruticosa var. rigida (Asch. & Graebn.)
Ononis fruticosa var. mycrophylla (DC.)
Ononis fruticosa var. intermedia (Rouy)
Ononis fruticosa var. microphylla (DC.)
Ononis fruticosa subvar. intermedia ((Rouy) O.Bolòs & Vigo)

Distribution

Algeria (native)
France (native)
Morocco (native)
Spain (native)