Soya (Glycine max, Interpr. Herb. amboin. 274. 1917)

Family: Fabaceae

Author: Merr. (L.)

Bibliography: Interpr. Herb. amboin. 274. 1917

Year: 1917

Status: accepted

Rank: species

Genus: Glycine

Vegetable: True

Observations: Russian Far East to China and Temp. E. Asia

Description

Soya, scientifically known as Glycine max, is an integral member of the Fabaceae family. This highly valued legume has a significant presence across various regions, from the Russian Far East to China and temperate East Asia. The rich biodiversity in these regions provides an ideal environment for the cultivation of soya, which has been meticulously documented since 1917 in the Interpr. Herb. amboin. 274 by Merr. (L.).

Soya is renowned for its versatile application in both agriculture and cuisine. It serves as a crucial source of protein, making it a staple in many diets worldwide. The plant’s biological properties allow it to thrive in the climates of its noted regions, adapting well to the temperate conditions which further support its proliferation.

This leguminous plant plays a vital role in sustainable farming thanks to its ability to fix nitrogen in the soil, improving soil fertility and reducing the need for chemical fertilizers. Consequently, soya not only supports human nutrition but also boosts agricultural practices, promoting a more eco-friendly environment.

In addition, soya is instrumental in various industries, including food and beverage, health supplements, and biofuel production. Its versatility is not limited to its nutrient-rich seeds but extends to its by-products like soya milk, tofu, and soya oil, all of which have comprehensive applications and health benefits.

Overall, Glycine max is an exemplary species that highlights the symbiotic relationship between plant cultivation and human advancement. Its widespread cultivation and utilization underscore its importance in contributing to nutritional, economic, and ecological sustainability.

Common Names

Lit: gauruotoji soja
Fra: soja, soja protéagineux
Deu: sojabohne
Dan: sojabønne
Eng: soya-bean, soybean, edamame, reseeding soybean, soy, soya, wild soybean, soyabean, soya bean
Por: feijão-china, feijão-chinês, feijão-soja, soja
Spa: frijol de soya, frijol-soya, haba soya, soja
Est: karvane sojauba
Lav: sarmatain
Ita: soia
Swe: sojaböna
Ces: sója luštinatá
Hun: termesztett szója
Nld: sojaboon
Cym: ffa soia, ffaen soya, ffeuen soia
En: Soya, Soya-bean, Soybean, Edamame, Soja bean, Soja-bean, Soya bean, Kaḍhelli, Kedelé, Soja, Sojabohne, सोआबीन, Reseeding soybean, Soy, Wild soybean, Soyabean, Soybean (German: Soyabohne), Soybeans, GM Soya, Soy Bean
Af: Sojaboon
Sq: Soja
Am: ሻማ
Ar: فول الصويا
Hy: Սոյա
As: চয়াবিন
Az: Soya
Ba: Соя
Eu: Soja
Be: Соя, Соевыя бабы
Bn: সয়াবিন
Bs: Soja
Br: Soja
Bg: Соя
My: ပဲပုပ်
Ca: Soia
Zh: Da dou, 大豆, 枝豆, 毛豆, 菜用大豆, 野大豆
Cv: Соя
Kw: Faven soya
Hr: Soja
Cs: Sója, Sója luštinatá
Da: Sojabønne
Nl: Sojaboon
Eo: Sojfabo
Et: Karvane sojauba
Fi: Soijapapu, Peltosoijapapu
Fr: Soja, Soja protéagineux
Gl: Soia
De: Sojabohne, Soja
El: Σόγια
Gn: Sóha
Gu: સોયાબીન
Ha: Waken suya
He: סויה
Hi: सोयाबीन
Hu: Szójabab, Termesztett szója
Is: Sojabaun
Io: Soyo
Id: Kedelai
Ia: Soja
Ga: Pónaire soighe
It: Soia, Soja, Glicine
Ja: Daizu
Jv: Dhelé
Kn: ಸೋಯಾ ಅವರೆ
Kk: Соя
Rw: Soya
Ko: Kong, 콩
Ku: Soya
Lv: Soja, Sarmatain
Lt: Soja, Gauruotoji soja
Mk: Соја
Mg: Soja
Ms: Kacang soya hijau
Ml: സോയാബീൻസ്
Mr: सोयबीन amit ामित
Mn: Шар буурцаг
Ne: भटमास
No: Soyabønne
Oc: Sòja
Os: Сойæ
Pa: ਸੋਇਆਬੀਨ
Fa: سویا
Pl: Soja
Pt: Soja, Feijão-chinês, Feijão-soja, Feijão-china
Qu: Suya
Ro: Soia
Ru: Соевые бобы
Sa: सोयामाषः
Sr: Соја
Sk: Sója fazuľová
Es: Frijol de soya, Soja, Haba soya, Soya, Frijol-soya, Glycine max
Su: Kedelé
Sw: Soya
Sv: Sojaböna
Tl: Balatong
Zh-tw: 大豆
Ta: சோயா அவரை
Tt: Кытай борчагы
Te: సోయా చిక్కుడు
Th: ถั่วเหลือง
Bo: སྲན་སེར།
Tr: Soya Fasülyesi
Ug: دادۇر
Uk: Соя
Ur: سویا پھلی
Uz: Soya
Vi: Đậu tương
Vo: Soyabon
Cy: Ffeuen soia, Ffa Soia, Ffaen Soya
Yi: סויע
Za: Duhhenj

Synonyms

• Soja max ((L.) Piper)
• Phaseolus max (L.)
• Phaseolus sordidus (Salisb.)

Distribution

• Amur (native)
• China North-Central (native)
• China South-Central (native)
• China Southeast (native)
• Hainan (native)
• Inner Mongolia (native)
• Japan (native)
• Khabarovsk (native)
• Korea (native)
• Laos (native)
• Manchuria (native)
• Nansei-shoto (native)
• Primorye (native)
• Qinghai (native)
• Taiwan (native)
• Thailand (native)
• Tibet (native)
• Vietnam (native)
• Xinjiang (native)
• Alabama (introduced)
• Assam (introduced)
• Baltic States (introduced)
• Bangladesh (introduced)
• Belarus (introduced)
• Benin (introduced)
• Cambodia (introduced)
• Cameroon (introduced)
• Cayman Is. (introduced)
• Central European Rus (introduced)
• Chad (introduced)
• Colombia (introduced)
• Congo (introduced)
• Cuba (introduced)
• Czechoslovakia (introduced)
• Dominican Republic (introduced)
• East European Russia (introduced)
• East Himalaya (introduced)
• Ecuador (introduced)
• Ethiopia (introduced)
• Galápagos (introduced)
• Guinea (introduced)
• Honduras (introduced)
• Illinois (introduced)
• India (introduced)
• Iraq (introduced)
• Jawa (introduced)
• Kazakhstan (introduced)
• Kenya (introduced)
• Kirgizstan (introduced)
• Maryland (introduced)
• Mongolia (introduced)
• Myanmar (introduced)
• Nepal (introduced)
• New Caledonia (introduced)
• New Guinea (introduced)
• North Caucasus (introduced)
• North European Russi (introduced)
• Pakistan (introduced)
• Philippines (introduced)
• Puerto Rico (introduced)
• Queensland (introduced)
• South European Russi (introduced)
• Sri Lanka (introduced)
• Tadzhikistan (introduced)
• Tanzania (introduced)
• Transcaucasus (introduced)
• Trinidad-Tobago (introduced)
• Turkmenistan (introduced)
• Ukraine (introduced)
• Uzbekistan (introduced)
• Vermont (introduced)
• West Himalaya (introduced)
• Wisconsin (introduced)

Additional Images

Leaf

Taken Aug 28, 2021 by Giuseppe Raccanelli (cc-by-sa)

Taken May 24, 2020 by department of unauthorized forestry (cc-by-sa)

Taken Aug 14, 2021 by Cole O’Brien (cc-by-sa)

Taken Jun 26, 2022 by Anne Racary (cc-by-sa)

Taken Jul 17, 2021 by Luke (cc-by-sa)

© copyright of the Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

© copyright of the Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

© copyright of the Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

Flower

Taken Sep 18, 2021 by Auwal Dayyab muhammad (cc-by-sa)

Taken Jul 29, 2020 by lopezlacasa (cc-by-sa)

Taken Jun 20, 2021 by Boumlik Messaïli (cc-by-sa)

Taken Jun 20, 2021 by Boumlik Messaïli (cc-by-sa)

Taken Jul 23, 2019 by Firefly Diane (cc-by-sa)

Habit

Taken Sep 19, 2021 by Jacques Zuber (cc-by-sa)

Taken Jun 20, 2021 by Boumlik Messaïli (cc-by-sa)

Taken Sep 22, 2019 by friedl (cc-by-sa)

Taken Sep 14, 2005 by Tela Botanica − Alain BIGOU (cc-by-sa)

Taken Sep 9, 2021 by Thierry LE COM (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Taken Jul 28, 2022 by Kai Best (cc-by-sa)

Taken Jul 28, 2022 by Kai Best (cc-by-sa)

Taken Oct 9, 2021 by aladdinnissan (cc-by-sa)

Taken Oct 2, 2021 by RCU (cc-by-sa)

Taken Dec 19, 2019 by Seth Seth (cc-by-sa)

Other

Taken Jul 15, 2004 by Photoflora – Jean-Luc TASSET (©)

Taken Aug 15, 2001 by Photoflora – Benoit BOCK (©)

Taken Aug 15, 2001 by Photoflora – Benoit BOCK (©)

Taken Aug 20, 2022 by Walter Grafl (cc-by-sa)

Taken Sep 9, 2021 by Thierry LE COM (cc-by-sa)

Bark

Taken Mar 23, 2019 by Carole BILLON (cc-by-sa)

Taken Jan 1, 1800 by Tela Botanica − Thierry Pernot (cc-by-sa)

Taken Aug 17, 2020 by Pita Álvaro (cc-by-sa)

Taken Sep 20, 2020 by Hélène Millet (cc-by-sa)

Taken May 30, 2022 by M – Tec Loteamentos e Fazendas (cc-by-sa)

Sources

• GBIF (https://www.gbif.org/species/5359660)
• POWO (http://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:60450240-2)
• WFO (No URL)
• IPNI (No URL)
• PlantNet (https://identify.plantnet.org/species/the-plant-list/Glycine max (L.) Merr.)

Specifications

Growth form: Single Crown

Growth habit: Forb/herb

Growth rate: Rapid

Growth

Ph maximum: 7.8

Ph minimum: 5.5