Family: Poaceae
Author: L.
Bibliography: Sp. Pl.: 80 (1753)
Year: 1753
Status: accepted
Rank: species
Genus: Avena
Vegetable: False
Observations: Macaronesia, Temp. Eurasia, N. Africa
Description
Spring wild oat, scientifically known as Avena fatua, is a notable plant species documented originally in “Sp. Pl.: 80” by the author Linnaeus (commonly abbreviated as L.) in the year 1753. This resilient and widespread plant belongs to the Poaceae family, which is well-known for comprising grasses.
Geographically, Avena fatua thrives in diverse regions, including the temperate zones of Eurasia and the varied climates of Macaronesia—a group of island archipelagos in the North Atlantic Ocean. Additionally, it has established a presence in Northern Africa, spreading its reach across a broad spectrum of environments.
Characterized by its robust nature, the spring wild oat is often recognized for its significant adaptability and persistence, which has allowed it to flourish in an array of agricultural landscapes. This adaptability sometimes leads it to be classified as a weed, particularly in cereal crop fields, where it competes with cultivated species for vital resources such as nutrients, water, and light.
Ecologically, Avena fatua plays a vital role. Its presence in different ecosystems contributes to the biodiversity within its native and introduced ranges. Despite its weed-like tendencies in agricultural settings, it serves as a food source for various wildlife species and can help prevent soil erosion due to its extensive root systems.
Efforts to manage and control the population of Avena fatua are essential in agricultural practices, especially in cereal production, to maintain crop yields and ensure food security. Integrated weed management strategies, including mechanical, chemical, and biological controls, are frequently employed to mitigate its impact.
Understanding the intricate dynamics of Avena fatua, from its ecological significance to its implications in agriculture, offers insights into both its benefits and challenges. Researchers and farmers continue to study this plant to balance its presence within various ecosystems efficiently.
Common Names
Deu: flug-hafer, flughafer, windhafer
Dan: flyve-havre
Heb: shibolet-shu’al tarbutit, שבולת-שועל תרבותית
Eng: spring wild oat, wild oat, wild-oat, common wild oats, wild oats
Por: aveia, aveia-brava, aveia-fátua, aveia-selvagem
Spa: avena loca, avena silvestre
Fra: avoine folle, folle avoine, folle-avoine, avoine du nord, avoine sauvage
Ara: dinbaan, zommeir, daisar, shaeerah, shofan, zommeir (zameer)
Swe: flyghavre, hukkakaura, vildhavre
Nob: flôghavre
Nno: flôghavre
Fin: hukkakaura
Nld: oot
Ces: oves hluchý
Lav: vējauza
Sme: girdihávvar
Cym: ceirch gwyllt, ceirchen wyllt, ceirchwellt gwyllt y gwanwyn, ffetur, gwylltgeirch
En: Spring wild oat, Wild oat, Wild-oat, Common wild oats, Wild oats
Ar: Dinbaan, Zommeir, خفور (خَفُور), زمير (زُميِّر), فاخور, Daisar, Shaeerah, Shofan, Zommeir (Zameer)
Ca: Cugula fàtua
Cs: Oves hluchý
Da: Flyve-havre
Nl: Oot
Fi: Hukkakaura
Fr: Folle avoine, Avoine folle, Folle-avoine, Avoine du Nord, Avoine sauvage, Averon, Coquiole, Havenon
De: Flughafer, Windhafer, Flug-Hafer
He: Shibolet-shu’al tarbutit, שבולת-שועל תרבותית, שיבולת-שועל שוטה
It: Avena selvatica
Ja: Cha-hiki, Karasu-mugi
Lv: Vējauza
Se: Girdihávvar
Nb: Flôghavre
Nn: Flôghavre
Pt: Aveia, Aveia-brava, Aveia-fátua, Aveia-selvagem
Pt-br: Aveia-brava, Aveia-fátua, Aveia-selvagem
Es: Avena loca, Avena silvestre, Avena
Sv: Flyghavre, Hukkakaura, Vildhavre
Cy: Ceirch Gwyllt, Ceirchen Wyllt, Ceirchwellt Gwyllt y Gwanwyn, Ffetur, Gwylltgeirch
Synonyms
- Avena occidentalis (Durieu)
- Avena fatua var. pseudofatua (Schur)
- Avena fatua subsp. glabrata ((Peterm.) Piper & Beattie)
- Anelytrum avenaceum (Hack.)
- Avena nigra (Wallr.)
- Avena patens (St.-Lag.)
- Avena fatua var. intermedia ((T.Lestib.) Lej. & Courtois)
- Avena fatua subvar. naniformis (Yamag.)
- Avena sativa subsp. fatua ((L.) Fiori)
- Avena sterilis (Delile ex Boiss.)
- Avena sativa var. fatua ((L.) Fiori)
- Avena fatua subsp. cultiformis (Malzev)
- Avena meridionalis var. grandis (Roshev.)
- Avena ludoviciana var. glabrescens (Durieu ex Godr.)
- Avena fatua var. glabrata (Peterm.)
- Avena fatua var. pilosiformis (Yamag.)
- Avena fatua var. alcaliphila (Kiec)
- Avena fatua subsp. intermedia (Nyman)
- Avena fatua var. acidophila (Kiec)
- Avena fatua subvar. zine (Yamag.)
- Avena fatua var. altissima (Kiec)
- Avena fatua subvar. pumila (Yamag.)
- Avena fatua var. alta (Kiec)
- Avena fatua var. pilosissima (Gray)
- Avena ambigua (Schönh.)
- Avena sativa var. sericea (Hook.f.)
- Avena fatua subsp. meridionalis (Malzev)
- Avena fatua var. mollis (Keng)
- Avena fatua var. hyugaensis (Yamag.)
- Avena fatua var. leiocarpa (Malzev)
- Avena fatua var. elongata (Malzev)
- Avena fatua subsp. septentrionalis ((Malzev) Malzev)
- Avena fatua f. deserticola (Hausskn.)
- Avena lanuginosa (Gilib.)
- Avena fatua var. nipponica (Yamag.)
- Avena japonica (Steud.)
- Avena ludoviciana subvar. glabrescens ((Durieu ex Godr.) Husn.)
- Avena fatua var. levis (Kiec)
- Avena fatua var. pseudoculta (Malzev)
- Avena meridionalis ((Malzev) Roshev.)
- Avena fatua subvar. pseudonana (Yamag.)
- Avena fatua subsp. brevipilosa (Kiec)
- Avena fatua var. gravis (Kiec)
- Avena fatua f. subcontracta (Yamag.)
- Avena septentrionalis (Malzev)
- Avena fatua var. longiflora (Malzev)
- Avena sterilis subvar. glabrescens ((Durieu ex Godr.) Husn.)
- Avena sterilis subsp. fatua ((L.) Bonnier & Layens)
- Avena fatua var. glabrescens (Coss. & Durieu)
- Avena sterilis var. glabrescens ((Durieu ex Godr.) Malzev)
- Avena fatua var. longispiculata (Malzev)
- Avena cultiformis ((Malzev) Malzev)
Distribution
- Afghanistan (native)
- Albania (native)
- Algeria (native)
- Altay (native)
- Austria (native)
- Azores (native)
- Baleares (native)
- Baltic States (native)
- Bangladesh (native)
- Belarus (native)
- Belgium (native)
- Bulgaria (native)
- Canary Is. (native)
- Cape Verde (native)
- Central European Rus (native)
- China North-Central (native)
- China South-Central (native)
- China Southeast (native)
- Corse (native)
- Czechoslovakia (native)
- Denmark (native)
- East European Russia (native)
- East Himalaya (native)
- Egypt (native)
- Finland (native)
- France (native)
- Germany (native)
- Gulf States (native)
- Hungary (native)
- India (native)
- Inner Mongolia (native)
- Iran (native)
- Iraq (native)
- Irkutsk (native)
- Italy (native)
- Kazakhstan (native)
- Kirgizstan (native)
- Krasnoyarsk (native)
- Krym (native)
- Kuwait (native)
- Lebanon-Syria (native)
- Libya (native)
- Madeira (native)
- Manchuria (native)
- Mongolia (native)
- Morocco (native)
- Nepal (native)
- Netherlands (native)
- North Caucasus (native)
- North European Russi (native)
- Northwest European R (native)
- Norway (native)
- Oman (native)
- Pakistan (native)
- Palestine (native)
- Poland (native)
- Portugal (native)
- Qinghai (native)
- Romania (native)
- Sardegna (native)
- Saudi Arabia (native)
- Sicilia (native)
- Sinai (native)
- South European Russi (native)
- Spain (native)
- Sri Lanka (native)
- Sweden (native)
- Switzerland (native)
- Tadzhikistan (native)
- Taiwan (native)
- Tibet (native)
- Transcaucasus (native)
- Tunisia (native)
- Turkey (native)
- Turkey-in-Europe (native)
- Turkmenistan (native)
- Tuva (native)
- Ukraine (native)
- Uzbekistan (native)
- West Himalaya (native)
- West Siberia (native)
- Xinjiang (native)
- Yemen (native)
- Yugoslavia (native)
- Alabama (introduced)
- Alaska (introduced)
- Alberta (introduced)
- Amur (introduced)
- Argentina Northeast (introduced)
- Argentina Northwest (introduced)
- Argentina South (introduced)
- Arizona (introduced)
- Bermuda (introduced)
- Bolivia (introduced)
- Brazil South (introduced)
- Brazil Southeast (introduced)
- British Columbia (introduced)
- California (introduced)
- Cape Provinces (introduced)
- Chatham Is. (introduced)
- Chile Central (introduced)
- Chile South (introduced)
- Colombia (introduced)
- Colorado (introduced)
- Connecticut (introduced)
- Cyprus (introduced)
- Delaware (introduced)
- Desventurados Is. (introduced)
- Easter Is. (introduced)
- Ecuador (introduced)
- Eritrea (introduced)
- Ethiopia (introduced)
- Florida (introduced)
- Free State (introduced)
- Great Britain (introduced)
- Guatemala (introduced)
- Hawaii (introduced)
- Honduras (introduced)
- Illinois (introduced)
- Indiana (introduced)
- Iowa (introduced)
- Ireland (introduced)
- Jamaica (introduced)
- Japan (introduced)
- Jawa (introduced)
- Kamchatka (introduced)
- Kansas (introduced)
- Kentucky (introduced)
- Kenya (introduced)
- Kermadec Is. (introduced)
- Khabarovsk (introduced)
- Korea (introduced)
- Kuril Is. (introduced)
- Louisiana (introduced)
- Maine (introduced)
- Manitoba (introduced)
- Marquesas (introduced)
- Maryland (introduced)
- Masachusettes (introduced)
- Mexico Central (introduced)
- Mexico Gulf (introduced)
- Mexico Northeast (introduced)
- Mexico Northwest (introduced)
- Mexico Southeast (introduced)
- Mexico Southwest (introduced)
- Michigan (introduced)
- Minnesota (introduced)
- Mississippi (introduced)
- Missouri (introduced)
- Montana (introduced)
- Nansei-shoto (introduced)
- Nebraska (introduced)
- Nevada (introduced)
- New Brunswick (introduced)
- New Hampshire (introduced)
- New Jersey (introduced)
- New Mexico (introduced)
- New South Wales (introduced)
- New York (introduced)
- New Zealand North (introduced)
- New Zealand South (introduced)
- Newfoundland (introduced)
- North Dakota (introduced)
- Northern Provinces (introduced)
- Northern Territory (introduced)
- Northwest Territorie (introduced)
- Nova Scotia (introduced)
- Ohio (introduced)
- Oklahoma (introduced)
- Ontario (introduced)
- Oregon (introduced)
- Pennsylvania (introduced)
- Peru (introduced)
- Philippines (introduced)
- Primorye (introduced)
- Prince Edward I. (introduced)
- Queensland (introduced)
- Québec (introduced)
- Sakhalin (introduced)
- Saskatchewan (introduced)
- Society Is. (introduced)
- South Australia (introduced)
- South Dakota (introduced)
- South Georgia (introduced)
- Tanzania (introduced)
- Tasmania (introduced)
- Tennessee (introduced)
- Texas (introduced)
- Trinidad-Tobago (introduced)
- Uruguay (introduced)
- Utah (introduced)
- Venezuela (introduced)
- Vermont (introduced)
- Victoria (introduced)
- Virginia (introduced)
- Washington (introduced)
- West Virginia (introduced)
- Western Australia (introduced)
- Wisconsin (introduced)
- Wyoming (introduced)
- Yukon (introduced)
- Zimbabwe (introduced)
Additional Images
© copyright of the Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
© copyright of the Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
Flower
Taken May 15, 2018 by Fejul Xeto (cc-by-sa)
Taken May 22, 2022 by 1F DZ (cc-by-sa)
Taken Apr 17, 2017 by 1 (cc-by-sa)
Taken May 15, 2018 by Fejul Xeto (cc-by-sa)
Taken Apr 17, 2017 by 1 (cc-by-sa)
Other
Taken May 18, 2020 by Gaël Herve (cc-by-sa)
Taken Jun 18, 2022 by Melody’s Hart (cc-by-sa)
Taken Jul 28, 2020 by Giode Tonpino (cc-by-sa)
Taken Jul 28, 2020 by Giode Tonpino (cc-by-sa)
Taken Jun 20, 2021 by Boumlik Messaïli (cc-by-sa)
Habit
Taken Jul 28, 2020 by Giode Tonpino (cc-by-sa)
Taken May 31, 2012 by Martin Bishop (cc-by-sa)
Taken May 3, 2021 by Alain Bigou (cc-by-sa)
Taken Oct 16, 2022 by morvan Richard (cc-by-sa)
Taken Jun 20, 2021 by Boumlik Messaïli (cc-by-sa)
Leaf
Taken May 31, 2012 by Martin Bishop (cc-by-sa)
Taken May 3, 2021 by Alain Bigou (cc-by-sa)
Taken Oct 16, 2022 by morvan Richard (cc-by-sa)
Taken Mar 20, 2021 by Giannis Kontu (cc-by-sa)
Taken Oct 26, 2019 by López Hernán (cc-by-sa)
Fruit
Taken Jun 13, 2019 by Mascarell Manel (cc-by-sa)
Taken Jul 17, 2021 by Les Chevaux ‘M (cc-by-sa)
Taken Jul 17, 2021 by Les Chevaux ‘M (cc-by-sa)
Taken May 31, 2012 by Martin Bishop (cc-by-sa)
Taken May 31, 2012 by Martin Bishop (cc-by-sa)
Bark
Taken Jun 27, 2021 by Chantal Dalbon (cc-by-sa)
Taken Sep 2, 2019 by Mickael Caceres (cc-by-sa)
Taken Jul 19, 2018 by Bernard delfour (cc-by-sa)
Taken May 23, 2020 by Karen Shilling (cc-by-sa)
Taken Jun 7, 2020 by Pérez González Luisa (cc-by-sa)
Sources
- WFO (No URL)
- IPNI (No URL)
- GBIF (https://www.gbif.org/species/2705297)
- POWO (http://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:391443-1)
- PlantNet (https://identify.plantnet.org/species/the-plant-list/Avena fatua L.)
Specifications
Growth habit: Graminoid
Growth
Ph maximum: 8.0
Ph minimum: 7.5
Light: 8
Atmospheric humidity: 4
Soil nutriments: 6
