Western columbine (Aquilegia formosa, Gentes Herbarum 7: 106 (1946))

Family: Ranunculaceae

Author: Fisch.

Bibliography: Gentes Herbarum 7: 106 (1946)

Year: 1946

Status: accepted

Rank: species

Genus: Aquilegia

Vegetable: Unknown

Observations: S. Alaska to N. U.S.A.

Description

Western columbine, scientifically known as Aquilegia formosa, is a beautiful and delicate flowering plant belonging to the Ranunculaceae family. This plant first came to notable botanical attention in the mid-20th century, as documented in the Gentes Herbarum in 1946 by Fisch.

Endemic to regions from Southern Alaska stretching down to the northern parts of the United States, Western columbine thrives in various habitats across this expansive range. These include moist, grassy meadows, forested slopes, and rocky terrains, showcasing the plant’s adaptability to different environmental conditions.

One of the most striking features of the Western columbine is its vibrant red and yellow flowers. These pendulous blooms dangle elegantly, attracting a diverse array of pollinators including hummingbirds, bees, and butterflies. The flower’s unique shape, with five distinctive spurred petals, sets it apart from other members of the Ranunculaceae family, making it easily recognizable and popular among garden enthusiasts.

Western columbine’s foliage consists of finely divided, delicate green leaves that almost appear fern-like. This lush greenery forms a pleasing contrast to the vibrant blossoms, adding to the plant’s ornamental appeal.

Apart from its aesthetic value, Aquilegia formosa holds cultural significance for many indigenous communities who have traditionally used parts of the plant for medicinal purposes. However, it’s important to note that while some parts of the plant may have uses, others can be toxic; thus, proper knowledge and caution are required when handling or experimenting with the plant.

Given its picturesque appearance and ecological importance, Western columbine plays a crucial role in native landscaping and habitat restoration projects. Its presence not only enhances the visual appeal of natural and cultivated gardens but also supports local wildlife by providing essential resources.

In summary, Aquilegia formosa or Western columbine is a notable species in the Ranunculaceae family, admired for its vibrant and intricate flowers, adaptability to various climates, and significance in both natural ecosystems and human cultural practices.

Common Names

Eng: western columbine
En: Western columbine, Crimson Columbine, Sitka columbine, Scarlet columbine
Ar: أكيلاجيا حمراء
Zh: 美丽耧斗菜
Fi: Tuliakileija
Fr: Ancolie gracieuse
Hu: Nyugati harangláb
Li: Sjoeanen akkelej
Ru: Водосбор прекрасный
Zh-hant: 美麗耬斗菜

Synonyms

• Aquilegia canadensis var. formosa ((Fisch. ex DC.) S.Watson)
• Aquilegia canadensis subsp. formosa ((Fisch. ex DC.) Brühl)

Distribution

• Alaska (native)
• Alberta (native)
• British Columbia (native)
• California (native)
• Idaho (native)
• Mexico Northeast (native)
• Mexico Northwest (native)
• Montana (native)
• Nevada (native)
• Oregon (native)
• Utah (native)
• Washington (native)
• Wyoming (native)
• Yukon (native)
• Romania (introduced)

Additional Images

Flower

Taken Jul 18, 2018 by Barret Stanton (cc-by-sa)

Taken Jun 17, 2022 by Trizio (cc-by-sa)

Taken Jun 18, 2020 by Danielle Mccloy (cc-by-sa)

Taken Jul 22, 2020 by Kelsey Miller (cc-by-sa)

Taken Jun 18, 2020 by Danielle Mccloy (cc-by-sa)

Habit

Taken Jun 17, 2006 by Andrew Gagg (cc-by-sa)

Taken Jun 18, 2020 by Danielle Mccloy (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Taken May 12, 2020 by Silas Silas (cc-by-sa)

Taken Jun 17, 2022 by vanessa (cc-by-sa)

Sources

• WFO (No URL)
• IPNI (No URL)
• POWO (http://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:16830-2)
• GBIF (https://www.gbif.org/species/8067481)
• PlantNet (https://identify.plantnet.org/species/the-plant-list/Aquilegia formosa Fisch. ex DC.)
• GBIF (https://www.gbif.org/species/3033169)

Specifications

Growth