Family: Poaceae
Author: (Gouan) Parl.
Bibliography: Fl. Ital. 1: 461 (1850)
Year: 1850
Status: accepted
Rank: species
Genus: Aeluropus
Vegetable: False
Observations: Medit. to Mongolia and Vietnam, Japan (Shikoku)
Description
The Indian walnut, scientifically known as Aeluropus littoralis, is a captivating plant species belonging to the Poaceae family. This perennial grass is recognized for its resilience and adaptability, thriving in a range of geographical locations stretching from the Mediterranean regions to Mongolia and Vietnam, and even reaching the Shikoku area of Japan.
Aeluropus littoralis holds a notable place in botanical literature, with its formal description being documented in the “Flora Italiana,” published in 1850. The plant was first classified by the botanist Antoine Gouan and later detailed by the notable Italian botanist Filippo Parlatore, indicated by the author abbreviation “(Gouan) Parl.” in scientific texts.
In its native habitat, the Indian walnut is often found in saline soils, demonstrating a remarkable tolerance to harsh environmental conditions, which makes it an important subject of study for ecological and environmental research. Its presence across a vast stretch of land highlights its adaptive capabilities, making it a species of significant ecological interest.
Common Names
Eng: indian walnut
En: Indian walnut
Ar: حجنى (حَجْنى), يسنيو (يَسنيو)
Fr: Dactyle des grèves, Élurope des grèves, Élurope du littoral, Brachypode de Phénicie, Froment des haies, Fétuque Roseau
He: כף-חתול שרועה
It: Pannocchina dei lidi
Synonyms
- Aeluropus littoralis var. chevalieri (Sennen)
- Aeluropus micrantherus (Tzvelev)
- Aeluropus pungens var. hirtulus (S.L.Chen & X.L.Yang)
- Aeluropus littoralis var. sinkiangensis (G.L.Zhang)
- Aeluropus sinensis ((Debeaux) Tzvelev)
- Dactylis distichophylla (Brign.)
- Dactylis littoralis ((Gouan) Willd.)
- Calotheca littoralis ((Gouan) Spreng.)
- Aeluropus littoralis var. sinensis (Debeaux)
- Aeluropus littoralis var. hispidulus (Halácsy)
- Aeluropus pungens var. sinkiangensis ((G.L.Zhang) G.L.Zhang)
- Chamaedactylis maritima (T.Nees)
- Aeluropus littoralis subsp. intermedius ((Regel) Tzvelev)
- Aeluropus littoralis subsp. pungens ((K.Koch) Tzvelev)
- Aeluropus littoralis subsp. sinensis ((Debeaux) Tzvelev)
- Aeluropus littoralis subsp. korshinskyi ((Tzvelev) Tzvelev)
- Aeluropus littoralis subsp. micrantherus ((Tzvelev) Tzvelev)
- Dactylis maritima var. littoralis ((Gouan) Rchb.)
- Aeluropus hirsutus (Munro)
- Aeluropus littoralis var. dasyphyllus ((Trautv.) Roshev.)
- Triticum supinum (Schrank)
- Aeluropus littoralis var. intermedius (Coss. & Durieu)
- Aeluropus hirtulus ((S.L.Chen & X.L.Yang) Tzvelev)
- Melica littoralis ((Gouan) Raspail)
- Aeluropus littoralis var. micrantherus ((Tzvelev) K.L.Chang)
- Aeluropus littoralis subsp. kuschkensis (Tzvelev)
- Aeluropus intermedius (Regel)
- Aeluropus korshinskyi (Tzvelev)
- Koeleria littoralis ((Gouan) Bory & Chaub.)
- Aeluropus laevis var. dasyphyllus (Trautv.)
- Aeluropus littoralis var. hispidula (Halácsy)
Distribution
- Afghanistan (native)
- Albania (native)
- Algeria (native)
- Altay (native)
- Baleares (native)
- Bulgaria (native)
- China North-Central (native)
- China Southeast (native)
- Corse (native)
- Cyprus (native)
- East Aegean Is. (native)
- East European Russia (native)
- Egypt (native)
- France (native)
- Greece (native)
- Gulf States (native)
- Inner Mongolia (native)
- Iran (native)
- Iraq (native)
- Italy (native)
- Kazakhstan (native)
- Kirgizstan (native)
- Kriti (native)
- Krym (native)
- Kuwait (native)
- Lebanon-Syria (native)
- Libya (native)
- Manchuria (native)
- Mauritania (native)
- Mongolia (native)
- Morocco (native)
- North Caucasus (native)
- Pakistan (native)
- Palestine (native)
- Romania (native)
- Saudi Arabia (native)
- Sicilia (native)
- Sinai (native)
- South European Russi (native)
- Spain (native)
- Tadzhikistan (native)
- Transcaucasus (native)
- Tunisia (native)
- Turkey (native)
- Turkey-in-Europe (native)
- Turkmenistan (native)
- Ukraine (native)
- Uzbekistan (native)
- Vietnam (native)
- West Siberia (native)
- Western Sahara (native)
- Xinjiang (native)
- Yugoslavia (native)
- Arizona (introduced)
Additional Images
Fruit
Taken Oct 13, 2018 by Tela Botanica − Liliane Roubaudi (cc-by-sa)
Taken Jan 2, 2017 by Tela Botanica − Liliane ROUBAUDI (cc-by-sa)
Taken Jan 2, 2017 by Tela Botanica − Liliane ROUBAUDI (cc-by-sa)
Taken Jan 2, 2017 by Tela Botanica − Liliane ROUBAUDI (cc-by-sa)
Taken Jan 2, 2017 by Tela Botanica − Liliane ROUBAUDI (cc-by-sa)
Leaf
Taken Jan 2, 2017 by Tela Botanica − Liliane ROUBAUDI (cc-by-sa)
Taken Jan 2, 2017 by Tela Botanica − Liliane ROUBAUDI (cc-by-sa)
Taken Jan 2, 2017 by Tela Botanica − Liliane ROUBAUDI (cc-by-sa)
Taken Jan 2, 2017 by Tela Botanica − Liliane ROUBAUDI (cc-by-sa)
Taken Jun 6, 2011 by Tela Botanica − Mathieu MENAND (cc-by-sa)
© copyright of the Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
© copyright of the Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
© copyright of the Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
Flower
Taken Oct 13, 2018 by Tela Botanica − Liliane Roubaudi (cc-by-sa)
Taken May 24, 2015 by Tela Botanica − Hugues TINGUY (cc-by-sa)
Taken Jun 6, 2011 by Tela Botanica − Mathieu MENAND (cc-by-sa)
Taken Jun 23, 2011 by Tela Botanica − Bertrand BUI (cc-by-sa)
Taken Jan 1, 1900 by EOL − Ori Fragman-Sapir (cc-by-nc-sa)
Other
Taken Aug 15, 2017 by Photoflora – Benoit BOCK (©)
Taken Aug 15, 2017 by Photoflora – Benoit BOCK (©)
Taken Jan 1, 1970 by Photoflora – L’Abbé COSTE (©)
Taken Jun 23, 2011 by Tela Botanica − Bertrand BUI (cc-by-sa)
Taken Jun 6, 2011 by Tela Botanica − Mathieu MENAND (cc-by-sa)
Bark
Taken Aug 15, 2017 by Photoflora – Benoit BOCK (©)
Habit
Taken Jun 23, 2011 by Tela Botanica − Bertrand BUI (cc-by-sa)
Taken Jun 23, 2011 by Tela Botanica − Bertrand BUI (cc-by-sa)
Taken Jan 2, 2017 by Tela Botanica − Liliane ROUBAUDI (cc-by-sa)
Taken Jan 2, 2017 by Tela Botanica − Liliane ROUBAUDI (cc-by-sa)
Taken Jan 2, 2017 by Tela Botanica − Liliane ROUBAUDI (cc-by-sa)
Sources
- WFO (No URL)
- IPNI (No URL)
- GBIF (https://www.gbif.org/species/4136390)
- POWO (http://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1180129-2)
- PlantNet (https://identify.plantnet.org/species/the-plant-list/Aeluropus littoralis (Gouan) Parl.)
Specifications
Growth habit>: Graminoid
Growth
Ph maximum: 8.0
Ph minimum: 7.5
Light: 9
Atmospheric humidity: 4
Bloom months: [‘may’, ‘jun’, ‘jul’, ‘aug’]
Soil nutriments: 7
Soil salinity: 7