Longleaf dock (Rumex longifolius, J.B.A.M.de Lamarck & A.P.de Candolle, Fl. Franç., ed. 3, 5: 368 (1815))

Family: Polygonaceae

Author: DC.

Bibliography: J.B.A.M.de Lamarck & A.P.de Candolle, Fl. Franç., ed. 3, 5: 368 (1815)

Year: 1815

Status: accepted

Rank: species

Genus: Rumex

Vegetable: False

Observations: Temp. Eurasia

Description

Longleaf dock, scientifically known as Rumex longifolius, is a noteworthy perennial herb that belongs to the Polygonaceae family. First described in the early 19th century by the eminent botanists J.B.A.M. de Lamarck and A.P. de Candolle, this plant has captivated botanists and plant enthusiasts alike since its initial classification in “Flore Française,” a pivotal work in botanical literature, where it is detailed in the third edition, volume five, on page 368, published in 1815.

Native to temperate regions across Eurasia, Longleaf dock thrives in a variety of habitats ranging from grasslands and meadows to the edges of forests and ruderal areas. This hardy plant is easily identified by its elongated, lanceolate leaves, which can grow impressively large, and its tall, robust stems that carry clusters of small greenish or reddish flowers.

The foliage of Rumex longifolius features a distinctive texture and is often utilized in traditional herbal remedies owing to its purported medicinal properties. Furthermore, the plant forms an integral part of the local ecosystems where it grows, providing food and habitat for various insects and wildlife.

In horticulture and botanical research, Longleaf dock is valued not only for its resilience and adaptability but also for its historical botanical significance. Its ability to flourish in diverse environmental conditions makes it a fascinating subject for study in the fields of ecology, botany, and conservation.

Whether you encounter it in the wild or in a curated botanical collection, Rumex longifolius stands as a testament to the rich biodiversity of Eurasian flora and the enduring work of early botanists whose keen observations have enriched our understanding of the natural world.

Common Names

Dan: by-skræppe
Eng: dooryard dock, longleaf dock, northern dock, long-leaved dock, butter dock, field dock, yard dock
Deu: gemüse-ampfer, langblatt-ampfer, nordischer ampfer
Lit: panaminė rūgštynė
Pol: szczaw domowy
Swe: gårdsskräppa, hevonhierakka, gårdskräppa, gårdssyra
Fin: hevonhierakka
Nob: høymol
Nno: høymole
Fra: rumex à feuilles longues, patience à feuilles longues, rumex à longues feuilles
Ces: šťovík dloholistý
Nld: noordse zuring
Sme: šilljojuopmu, duvdnerássi, skirejuopmu
Cym: suran hir, tafol y gogledd, tafolen hir, tafolen y gogledd
En: Longleaf dock, Northern dock, Dooryard dock, Door-Yard Dock, Long-leaved dock, Butter Dock, Field dock, Yard dock
Ar: خبيزة
Be: Шчаўе дамашняе
Ca: Paradella longifòlia
Zh: Chang ye suan mo, 长叶酸模
Cs: Šťovík dlouholistý, Šťovík dloholistý
Da: By-Skræppe
Nl: Noordse zuring
Et: Koduoblikas
Fi: Hevonhierakka
Fr: Rumex à feuilles longues, Patience à feuilles longues, Rumex à longues feuilles, Patience domestique, Oseille à feuilles allongées
De: Nordischer Ampfer, Gemüse-Ampfer, Langblatt-Ampfer, Langblättriger Ampfer
Is: Njóli
It: Romice a foglie lunghe
Ko: 개대황
Lv: Garlapu skābene
Lt: Panaminė rūgštynė
Se: Šilljojuopmu, Duvdnerássi, Skirejuopmu
No: Høymole, Høymol
Nb: Høymol
Nn: Høymole
Pl: Szczaw domowy
Pt-br: Labaça-longa
Sv: Gårdsskräppa, Hevonhierakka, Gårdskräppa, Gårdssyra
Cy: Tafolen y Gogledd, Suran Hir, Tafol y Gogledd, Tafolen Hir

Synonyms

• Rumex suzukianus (Rech.f.)
• Rumex hippolapathum (Fr.)
• Rumex bucephalophorus subsp. hippolapathum ((Fr.) Bonnier & Layens)
• Rumex longifolius f. callosus ((Hiitonen) Ahti & Hämet-Ahti)
• Rumex domesticus var. rotundus (Hartm.)
• Rumex strepens (Schult. & Schult.f.)
• Rumex domesticus subsp. ruthenicus (Lonacz. ex Pavlov)
• Rumex hippolapathum var. domesticus ((Hartm.) Fr.)
• Rumex aquaticus subsp. domesticus ((Hartm.) R.C.V.Douin)
• Rumex bucephalophorus subsp. domesticus ((Hartm.) Bonnier & Layens)
• Rumex domesticus f. microcalyx (Murb. & Nilsson)
• Rumex distans (Dumort.)
• Rumex longifolius subsp. sourekii (Kubát)
• Rumex domesticus (Hartm.)

Distribution

• Altay (native)
• Amur (native)
• Baltic States (native)
• Belarus (native)
• Buryatiya (native)
• Central European Rus (native)
• China North-Central (native)
• China South-Central (native)
• China Southeast (native)
• Denmark (native)
• East European Russia (native)
• Finland (native)
• France (native)
• Føroyar (native)
• Germany (native)
• Great Britain (native)
• Iceland (native)
• Inner Mongolia (native)
• Irkutsk (native)
• Japan (native)
• Kamchatka (native)
• Kazakhstan (native)
• Khabarovsk (native)
• Korea (native)
• Krasnoyarsk (native)
• Kuril Is. (native)
• Magadan (native)
• Manchuria (native)
• North European Russi (native)
• Northwest European R (native)
• Norway (native)
• Primorye (native)
• Qinghai (native)
• Sakhalin (native)
• South European Russi (native)
• Spain (native)
• Sweden (native)
• Ukraine (native)
• West Siberia (native)
• Xinjiang (native)
• Alaska (introduced)
• Albania (introduced)
• Alberta (introduced)
• Aleutian Is. (introduced)
• Argentina South (introduced)
• British Columbia (introduced)
• Chile Central (introduced)
• Chile South (introduced)
• Connecticut (introduced)
• Czechoslovakia (introduced)
• Greenland (introduced)
• Illinois (introduced)
• Labrador (introduced)
• Maine (introduced)
• Manitoba (introduced)
• Masachusettes (introduced)
• Michigan (introduced)
• Minnesota (introduced)
• New Brunswick (introduced)
• New Hampshire (introduced)
• New York (introduced)
• Newfoundland (introduced)
• North Dakota (introduced)
• Nova Scotia (introduced)
• Ontario (introduced)
• Poland (introduced)
• Prince Edward I. (introduced)
• Québec (introduced)
• Rhode I. (introduced)
• Saskatchewan (introduced)
• Vermont (introduced)
• Wisconsin (introduced)
• Yukon (introduced)

Additional Images

Flower

Taken Jul 26, 2022 by joshua jebin (cc-by-sa)

Taken Jun 12, 2021 by antonia collinelli (cc-by-sa)

Taken Jun 3, 2021 by Sabin Poenariu (cc-by-sa)

Taken Jun 10, 2021 by Lindroos Kristian (cc-by-sa)

Taken Jun 2, 2021 by Sabin Poenariu (cc-by-sa)

Habit

Taken Jul 26, 2022 by joshua jebin (cc-by-sa)

Taken Jun 3, 2021 by Sabin Poenariu (cc-by-sa)

Taken Jun 3, 2021 by Sabin Poenariu (cc-by-sa)

Taken Jul 19, 2021 by Terje Norli (cc-by-sa)

Taken May 29, 2011 by Tela Botanica − Jean-Claude CALAIS (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Taken Jun 30, 2020 by laura Anderson (cc-by-sa)

Taken Aug 27, 2022 by Susanne Hauptmann (cc-by-sa)

Taken Mar 12, 2020 by magoo scrap (cc-by-sa)

Taken May 4, 2022 by Philippe ducros (cc-by-sa)

Taken Sep 13, 2021 by LOLLYS CAKES (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Taken Jun 18, 2021 by Deborah Dunne (cc-by-sa)

Taken Jan 1, 2020 by Johan Niss (cc-by-sa)

Taken May 21, 2018 by Anton Gjeldum (cc-by-sa)

Taken Nov 22, 2022 by Nikolas Dierka (cc-by-sa)

Taken Aug 12, 2018 by Pekka Salokangas (cc-by-sa)

Bark

Taken May 14, 2021 by Sabin Poenariu (cc-by-sa)

Taken Jun 21, 2021 by RSU (cc-by-sa)

Taken Jun 3, 2021 by Sabin Poenariu (cc-by-sa)

Taken Jul 26, 2022 by joshua jebin (cc-by-sa)

Taken May 31, 2021 by Hamid LATEB (cc-by-sa)

Other

Taken Jun 26, 2020 by Alan Hicking (cc-by-sa)

Taken Jul 15, 2017 by Photoflora – Jean-Luc TASSET (©)

Sources

• WFO (No URL)
• IPNI (No URL)
• GBIF (https://www.gbif.org/species/2888946)
• POWO (http://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:697266-1)
• PlantNet (https://identify.plantnet.org/species/the-plant-list/Rumex longifolius DC.)

Specifications

Growth habit: Forb/herb

Growth

Ph maximum: 7.0

Ph minimum: 6.5

Light: 8

Atmospheric humidity: 6

Soil nutriments: 8